Department of Physiology
Permanent URI for this collection
Browse
Browsing Department of Physiology by Author "Ogundipe, Oluwadare"
Now showing 1 - 17 of 17
Results Per Page
Sort Options
- ItemAcetonic extract of Vernonia amygdalina (Del.) attenuates Cd-induced liver injury: Potential application in adjuvant heavy metal therapy(elseviier, 2018-02-27) Ogundipe, OluwadareExposure to cadmium (Cd), even at low doses, is of serious health concern because it does not undergo metabolic degradation to less toxic metabolite. Liver injury/disease, with a world-wide increasing incidence, is one of the consequences of exposure to Cd toxicity. This study aimed at determining the effects of acetonic extract of Vernonia amygdalina leaf (AEVAL) in a Wistar rat model of Cd-induced liver injury. Phytochemical screening of the extract was carried out and its oral LD50 was determined to guide the choice of therapeutic doses. Thereafter, thirty male Wistar rats were recruited for this study. The experimental groups received 4 weeks oral graded doses of the extract (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) following Cd-induced liver injury. Cd-induced liver injury (5 mg/ kg i.p for 5 consecutive days) was characterized by deleterious alterations in the levels of AST, ALT, ALP, total bilirubin and hepatic total protein (p ˂ 0.05). Also, deleterious alteration of oxidative stress indicators (GSH, SOD and CAT) and lipid peroxidation index (TBARS) was observed in the liver homogenates. Histopathological ex amination showed evidence of degenerated hepatocytes as well as inflammation with disseminated steatosis. These conditions were significantly attenuated (p ˂ 0.05) following treatment with graded doses of the extract, with the highest dose expressing least therapeutic effects. This study concluded that AEVAL attenuated Cd induced liver injury and is, potentially, a suitable option in adjuvant therapy for heavy metal toxicity
- ItemAqueous and Methanolic Extract of Ocimum Gratissimum (Linn.) Leaf Reversibly Normalizes the Antioxidant Activities of Rats with Gentamicin Induced Liver Injury(2019-09-03) Ogundipe, OluwadareObjective: the objective of the work is to investigate the ameliorative effect of aqueous and methanolic extract of ocimum gratissimum (linn) on gentamicin-induced liver injury. Forty five adult male Wistar rats were used for this study. They were divided into 5 groups as follows: Group 1 (the control) (n = 5) received distilled water daily by oral route for the whole period of the study. Group 2 (the toxic control) (n = 10) received 100 mg/kg/day of gentamicin i.p. for a week. Groups 3, 4, and 5 (n = 5) were pre-treated with gentamicin as the Group 2 rats, after which they received 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg/day each of AOGL p.o., Groups 6, 7, and 8 (n = 5) were pre-treated with gentamicin as the Group 2 rats, after which they received 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg/day each of MOGL p.o., respectively, for 14 days. Markers of liver function such as ALT, AST, ALP, Total bilirubin, conjugated bilirubin and total protein were determined in the plasma. Oxidative stress markers such as TBARS and GSH were assayed in the tissue homogenate. Gentamicin treatment induced significant (p < 0.05) increases in ALT, AST, ALP, Total bilirubin and total protein and TBARS in the toxic control when compared to the control group. Significant decreases (p < 0.05) in GSH was also associated with gentamicin administration. Post-treatment with AOGL caused significant increases in and GSH, and significant (p < 0.05) decreases in ALT, AST, ALP, Total bilirubin and total protein in the treated groups when compared with the toxic control group. The results of this study indicated that AOGL ameliorated the liver injury caused by gentamicin in rats. Hence, the extracts have the potential of being used for the management of gentamicin-induced liver injury.
- ItemCerebellar Cortex and the Behaviour of Mice (Mus Musculus) Following the Administration of Palm Wine(2020-08-07) Ogundipe, OluwadareAbstract: Aim:-To investigates the histomorphological studies of the cerebellar cortex and the behaviour of mice after palm wine administration. Material and Method:- 40 adult mice (25-30g) were grouped into (A, B, C and D) comprised of 10 mice each. They were kept in plastic cages and fed with feed and water ad libitum. Group A (control group) received distilled water, group B ,C and D received 14.3ml/kg daily palm wine,14.3ml/kg palm wine every other day and 14.3ml/kg 50% diluted palm wine every other day respectively, orally for four weeks. They were weighted using weighing balance, the neurobehavioral evaluation was performed using the open field maze and the health status was appraised by the rectal temperature. After the last dose of administration, the animals were anaesthetized; the cerebellum was excised, weighed and fixed in 10% formal saline for H&E, Cresyl fast violet and bieschowsky silver stain techniques. Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA at p<0.05 followed by a posthoc test, results were expressed as mean S.E.M. Results;- decrease in the rectal temperature of the entire treated group when compared to the control group, relative weight of the cerebellum was higher in the treated group compared to control, neurobehavioral observations (motor parameters) showed difference between treated mice compared to control. Histological observations showed vacuolation and slight degeneration of Purkinje neuron cell bodies except in group D animals. Conclusion:- The study showed that palm wine intake on regular basis may affect the histoarchitecture of the cerebellum, neurobehavioural activities such as locomotion and balancing
- ItemEffect of Crude and Decaffeinated Extracts of Cola nitida Seeds on Male Reproductive System in Swiss Albino Rats(2016-10-03) Ogundipe, OluwadareBackground: Caffeine is present in kola nut and xanthine stimulants which are used as a psychoactive drug. Therefore, the effect of kola nut (Cola nitida) extract was carried out on male reproductive system in male albino rats. Aim and Objectives: This study was aimed to determine the effect of oral administration of Crude Extract of Kola (CEK) and Decaffeinated Extract of Kola (DEK) on the reproductive function in male Swiss albino rats. Material and Methods: Twenty-four adult male albino rats were used for this study, they were assigned into three groups consisting eight rats each. Group 1 (control group) received (8mg/kgbw) of distilled water for six weeks, Group 2 (crude extract group) received (8mg/kg bw) of CEK for six weeks, and Group 3 (decaffeinated extract group) was treated with (8mg/kg bw) of DEK for six weeks. Result: CEK showed no significant decrease in the body weight and sperm count when compared with the control group. No significant difference in seminal parameter (motility, morphology, viability), organ weight (testis) and hormonal assay (testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone) when compared with the control group. DEK showed no significant different in body weight, hormonal assay (testosterone and follicle stimulating hormone, seminal parameter (sperm viability, count, morphology and motility), organ weight (testes and epipidymis) of the animal; however significant increase was observed in luteinizing hormone when compared with control group. Asignificant increase in the sperm count of decaffeinated group was observed (p = 0.02) when compared with crude group. Conclusion: This study indicates that CEK and DEK have little effects on male reproductive system.
- ItemEffects of two weeks administration of Ocimum gratissimum leaf on feeding pattern and markers of renal function in rats treated with gentamicin(elsevier, 2016-07-13) Ogundipe, OluwadareThis study investigated the effects of aqueous extract of Ocimum gratissimum leaf (AOGL) on some markers of renal function in rats with gentamicin-induced nephropathy. Thirty adult male Wistar rats were used for this study. They were divided into 5 groups as follows: Group 1 (the control) (n = 5) received distilled water daily by oral route for the whole period of the study. Group 2 (the toxic control) (n = 10) received 100 mg/kg/day of gentamicin i.p. for a week. Groups 3, 4, and 5 (n = 5) were pre-treated with gentamicin as the Group 2 rats, after which they received 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg/day each of AOGL p.o., respectively, for 14 days. Rats in each groups were placed inside separate metabolic cages to obtain their food consumption, water intake and urine output for 24 hours after the last administration. Markers of renal function such as creatinine, urea and total protein were determined both in the plasma and urine. Oxidative stress markers such as TBARS and GSH were assayed in the tissue homogenate. Creatinine clearance was calculated using a standard formula. Genta micin treatment induced significant (p < 0.05) increases in urine output, plasma urea, creatinine, urinary protein, relative kidney weight and TBARS in the toxic control when compared to the control group. Significant decreases (p < 0.05) in urine creatinine and GSH were also as sociated with gentamicin administration. Post-treatment with AOGL caused significant increases in food consumption, body weight, water intake, urine creatinine, and GSH, and significant (p < 0.05) decreases in urine output, plasma creatinine, urea, TBARS and urine total protein in the treated groups when compared with the toxic control group. This further evident by a significant improvement or reversal of the histopathological alterations of kidney tissues in the groups treated with AOGL. The results of this study indicated that AOGL ameliorated the kidney injury caused by gentamicin in rats. Hence, the extracts have the potential of being used for the management of gentamicin-induced nephropathies
- ItemHistomophological Study of Aqueous Extract of Hibiscus Sabdariffa on Hormonally Induced Prostatic Enlargement of Adult Wistar Rat(2019-12-07) Ogundipe, OluwadareAbstract: - Aim: to investigate some effects of aqueous extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa on induced benign prostatic hyperplasia. Material and Method: Forty eight male adult wistar rats weighing between 190g and 220g were used for the study. They were acclimatized for 2 weeks and fed with standard rat chow and water ad libitum before the study. They were divided into six groups. Group1- control group received 0.3ml of corn oil, others were induced for BPH with hormones (200µg Testosterone and 100µg estradiol) for 3 weeks; after induction Group 2 took distilled water, Group 3 received 0.71g of finasteride, Group 4, 5 and 6 received 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9g/kg bw Hibiscus sabdariffa (HS), respectively. The prostate were excised, processed and stained with H&E and Masson Trichrome. Result: The weight of group 4, 5 and 6 rats decrease compared to group 2 rats. There were pronounced reduction in the mucosal (epithelial) and fibromuscular stroma hyperplasia of the treated groups when compared with the group 2 rats. Conclusion: This indicates that the test herb has no adverse effect on prostatic parameters of healthy rats and also shows that Hibiscus sabdariffa extract can be viewed as a candidate novel medication for benign prostate hyperplasia therapy.
- ItemMorphological and Histochemical Investigation of the Role (S) of Moringa Oleifera (Lam) on 3- Nitropropionic Acid Model of Huntington’s disease(2020-11-10) Ogundipe, OluwadareAbstract: Aim: This study evaluated the role of Moringe Oleifera (MO) in the treatment of Huntington's disease induced by 3- Nitropropionic Acid (3-NP). Material and Method: Forty adult mice weighting between 25-32g were used and divided into four groups (A, B, C and D), Group A serves as the control (Received food and ad libitum), B (Received MO+3-NP), C (Received only 3-NP) and D (Received 3-NP + MO). 3- Nitropropionic Acid (20mg/kg) was administered to the animals intraperitoneal for 7 days. MO was administered orally (250mg/kg) for a period of 7 days. Weights of the animals were monitored periodically using the digital weighing balance. Animals were sacrificed at the end of the experiment and the brain tissue was excised for morphological and histochemical study. Results showed cyto-architecture derangement of the brain tissue in the Huntington's group, while the preventive group showed some degree of preservation of the tissue architecture. Conclusion: 3-Np induced huntington's disease model in mice as expected with the characteristics of demyelination, chromatolysis, exaggerated protein clumps aggregations on the tissue organ and Moringa oleifera shows little curative effect on the neuronal neuro-degeneration.
- ItemNuerobehavioural Investigation of The Role/S of Moringa Oleifera On 3-Nitropropionic Acid Model of Huntington’s Disease(2019-09) Ogundipe, OluwadareBackground: Huntington’s disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor impairment that contribute to the death of striatial neurons and psychiatric symptoms. Systemic administration of 3-Nitropropionic Acid (3-NP) cause selective striatial degeneration similar to that seen in HD. Recent studies clearly demonstrate that increase oxidative stress is one of the major deleterious even in the 3-NP-induced neurodegenerative process. Moringa oleifera (MO) has been studied for the anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory properties. This study evaluated the Neurobehavioral role of MO following 3-NP model of Huntington's disease. Methodology: Thirty-two adult mice weighting between 25-32g were used and divided into four groups (A, B, C and D), Group A serves as the control (Received food and ad libitum), B (Received MO+3-NP), C (Received only 3-NP) and D (Received 3-NP + MO) 3-Nitropropionic Acid (20mg/kg for 7 days) were induced intraperitoneal to the animals. MO were administer orally (250mg/kg) for a period of 7 days. Weights of the animals were checked periodically using the Acucuscope weighing Balance. Neurobehavioral assessment was carried out after administration. Animals were sacrificed at the end of the experiment Neurotransmitters- Dopamine and Glutamate were assayed in tissue homogenates and the levels were quantified. Results showed increased tissue levels of glutamate and dopamine and impaired neurobehavioural parameters in the Huntington's group, while the preventive group showed some degree of preservation of the normal parameters. Conclusion: 3-Np induced huntington's disease model in mice as expected with the characteristics of increased tissue levels of glutamate and dopamine and impaired behavioural and locomotive indices.
- ItemNuerobehavioural Investigation of The Role/S of Moringa Oleifera On 3-Nitropropionic Acid Model of Huntington’s Disease(2019-09-07) Ogundipe, OluwadareBackground: Huntington’s disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor impairment that contribute to the death of striatial neurons and psychiatric symptoms. Systemic administration of 3-Nitropropionic Acid (3-NP) cause selective striatial degeneration similar to that seen in HD. Recent studies clearly demonstrate that increase oxidative stress is one of the major deleterious even in the 3-NP-induced neurodegenerative process. Moringa oleifera (MO) has been studied for the anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory properties. This study evaluated the Neurobehavioral role of MO following 3-NP model of Huntington's disease. Methodology: Thirty-two adult mice weighting between 25-32g were used and divided into four groups (A, B, C and D), Group A serves as the control (Received food and ad libitum), B (Received MO+3-NP), C (Received only 3-NP) and D (Received 3-NP + MO) 3-Nitropropionic Acid (20mg/kg for 7 days) were induced intraperitoneal to the animals. MO were administer orally (250mg/kg) for a period of 7 days. Weights of the animals were checked periodically using the Acucuscope weighing Balance. Neurobehavioral assessment was carried out after administration. Animals were sacrificed at the end of the experiment Neurotransmitters- Dopamine and Glutamate were assayed in tissue homogenates and the levels were quantified. Results showed increased tissue levels of glutamate and dopamine and impaired neurobehavioural parameters in the Huntington's group, while the preventive group showed some degree of preservation of the normal parameters. Conclusion: 3-Np induced huntington's disease model in mice as expected with the characteristics of increased tissue levels of glutamate and dopamine and impaired behavioural and locomotive indices.
- ItemObesity and the Maternal Lipid WƌŽĮůĞ͗ Role of Diet in ƉŝŐĞŶĞƟĐ Transfer on the KīƐƉƌŝŶŐ(iMedPub Journals, 2021-02-15) Ogundipe, OluwadareAim: /nvĞƐƟŐĂƚĞ the ŝmƉůŝcĂƟŽnƐ of High Fat Diet (HFD) induced obesity on the lipid ƉrŽĮůĞ in parent rats and their ŽīƐƉrŝnŐ͘ Methodology: Twenty adult female rats were grouped into A and B which received NRC and HFD rĞƐƉĞcƟvĞůy for 16 obese. Adult male Wistar rats fed with NRC were introduced to each group to ensure mĂƟnŐ and pregnancy ĂŌĞr feeding. The ŽīƐƉrŝnŐ produced by the rats in each group were divided into two groups of 20 rats each. They were fed with NRC for 12 months. The plasma obtained from the parent and ŽīƐƉrŝnŐ were analysed for lipid ƉrŽĮůĞ test. Results: The parent rats fed with HFD had higher cholesterol triglyceride and HDL compared with the rats fed with NRC. At 4 and 12 months the ŽīƐƉrŝnŐ of HFD fed rats had lower triglyceride and LDL compared with ŽīƐƉrŝnŐ of NRC fed rats. The ŽīƐƉrŝnŐ of HFD fed rats had higher HDL compared with the ŽīƐƉrŝnŐ of NRC fed rats at 8 months. Conclusion: KīƐƉrŝnŐ of obese HFD fed rats placed on NRC did not manifest the consequence of maternal obesity as depicted by their lipid ƉrŽĮůĞ͘
- ItemOcimum gratissimum (Linn) leaves extract attenuates oxidative stress and liver injury in gentamicin-induced hepatotoxicity in rats(Taylor and Francis, 2021-04) Ogundipe, OluwadareThe adverse effect of gentamicin on tissues like kidney and liver makes its use limited in clinical settings. Ocimum gratissimum are known for many medicinal uses. The effect of aqueous extract (AOGL) and methanolic extract (MOGL) of Ocimum gratissimum (Linn) on liver following injury induced by gentamicin was investigated in this study. Forty adult (40) male Wistar rats were divided into 8 groups as follows: Group 1 (n = 5) received distilled water daily by oral route. Groups 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 (n = 5) received 100 mg/kg/day of gentamicin i.p. for a week. After, groups 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 (n = 5) received 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg/day of AOGL and MOGL p.o, respectively, for 28 days. The rats treated with both AOGL and MOGL for 28 days were left for a recovery period of 14 days. Liver enzymes (ALT, AST and ALP), total bilirubin and total protein were determined in the plasma. TBARS and GSH levels were assayed in the liver homogenate. Gentamicin increases ALT, AST, ALP, total bilirubin and total protein, TBARS and decreases GSH, catalase and SOD of the toxic control when compared to the control group. Post-treatment with AOGL and MOGL in the treated groups caused increases GSH, catalase and SOD and decreases TBARS, ALT, AST, ALP, total bilirubin and total protein when compared with the toxic control group. The results show that AOGL and MOGL are capable of ameliorating liver injury caused by gentamicin in rats.
- ItemOcimum gratissimum (Linn) leaves extract attenuates oxidative stress and liver injury in gentamicin-induced hepatotoxicity in rats(Taylor and Francis, 2021-04-03) Ogundipe, OluwadareThe adverse effect of gentamicin on tissues like kidney and liver makes its use limited in clinical settings. Ocimum gratissimum are known for many medicinal uses. The effect of aqueous extract (AOGL) and methanolic extract (MOGL) of Ocimum gratissimum (Linn) on liver following injury induced by gentamicin was investigated in this study. Forty adult (40) male Wistar rats were divided into 8 groups as follows: Group 1 (n = 5) received distilled water daily by oral route. Groups 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 (n = 5) received 100 mg/kg/day of gentamicin i.p. for a week. After, groups 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 (n = 5) received 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg/day of AOGL and MOGL p.o, respectively, for 28 days. The rats treated with both AOGL and MOGL for 28 days were left for a recovery period of 14 days. Liver enzymes (ALT, AST and ALP), total bilirubin and total protein were determined in the plasma. TBARS and GSH levels were assayed in the liver homogenate. Gentamicin increases ALT, AST, ALP, total bilirubin and total protein, TBARS and decreases GSH, catalase and SOD of the toxic control when compared to the control group. Post-treatment with AOGL and MOGL in the treated groups caused increases GSH, catalase and SOD and decreases TBARS, ALT, AST, ALP, total bilirubin and total protein when compared with the toxic control group. The results show that AOGL and MOGL are capable of ameliorating liver injury caused by gentamicin in rats.
- ItemOcimum gratissimum Ameliorates Gentamicin-Induced Kidney Injury but Decreases Creatinine Clearance Following Sub-Chronic Administration in Rats(SAGE, 2017-01-07) Ogundipe, OluwadareThe effects of aqueous extract of Ocimum gratissimum leaf (AOGL) on the renal function of rats with gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity were investigated. This study involved the use of forty five (45) adult male Wistar rats (housed in separate metabolic cages) such that graded doses of OAGL were administered to the experimental groups (p.o.) for 28 days after exposure to gentamicin toxicity (100 mg/kg i.p.) for 1 week. At the end of the study, comparisons of some indices of renal function as well as antioxidant status (GSH and TBARS) were made between the control, toxic and AOGL-treated groups at P < 0.05. The result showed that gentamicin treatment caused significant increase (P < .05) in urine output, urea, creatinine, total protein, relative kidney weight, and TBARS, as well as significant decrease (P < .05) in urine creatinine and GSH levels. Post-treatment with graded doses of AOGL caused significant increase in food consumption, GSH, urine, and plasma creatinine, as well as significant decrease (P < .05) in relative kidney weight, TBARS, and urine total protein. There was an appreciable difference in the kidney histology of the AOGL-treated groups when compared with the toxic control. Hence, the extract has therapeutic potential in the man agement of gentamicin-induced kidney injury, although a risk profile of renal dysfunction is not unlikely from 28 days of admin istration as evident by the decrease in creatinine clearance
- ItemPolyphenol-rich extract of Vernonia amygdalina (Del.) leaves ameliorated cadmium-induced alterations in feeding pattern and urine volume of male Wistar rats(ScopeMed, 2015-11-13) Ogundipe, OluwadareAim: To determine the effects of polyphenol-rich extract of the leaves of Vernonia amygdalina (PEVA) on the feeding pattern of rats that were exposed to cadmium (Cd) toxicity. Materials and Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats, weighing 160-180 g, were divided into 6 groups of 5 rats each as follows; Group 1 received distilled water orally (0.2 ml/100 g), daily, throughout the period of study. Group 2 received Cd alone (in the form of CdSO4) at 5 mg/kg/day via intraperitoneal route for 5 consecutive days. Group 3 were pre-treated with Cd as Group 2 and thereafter left untreated for a period of 4-week. After the oral lethal dose of PEVA was determined, Groups 4, 5, and 6 were pre-treated with Cd as Group 2 after which they received graded doses of PEVA at 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg/day (0.2 ml/100 g), respectively via oral route for 4 weeks. Blood samples were collected for some plasma biochemical assays while urine samples were collected using metabolic cages. Results: PEVA administration significantly increased (P < 0.05) the body weight and feeding patterns that were significantly reduced (P < 0.05) by Cd toxicity. PEVA also significantly reinstated the plasma antioxidant status, as well as glucose and urine volume of the rats toward control values (P < 0.05). Conclusion: PEVA can be an herbal alternative in the treatment or management of subjects manifesting alterations in feeding pattern and urine volume that is Cd-induced
- ItemProtective Effects of Methanolic Stem Bark Extract of Commiphora kerstingii Engl. on Pancytopenia and Hyperlipidemia Induced with CdCl2 in Male Wistar Rats(2022-01-03) Ogundipe, OluwadareBackground and Objective: Commiphora kerstingii (Burseraceae) is a medicinal plant with extensive health benefits and is used traditionally to cure arrow poisons. Scientific studies have reported its antimicrobial, hypoglycemic, anticonvulsant and antioxidant properties. However, its protective effect against Cadmium compounds induced hyperlipidemia and pancytopenia are scanty in literature. The study investigated the protective effect of methanolic stem bark extract of Commiphora kerstingii (MSBECK) on pancytopenia and hyperlipidemia induced with Cadmium chloride in males Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty-five male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups, containing seven rats each. Group A was given distilled water, while group B [5 mg/kg/b.wt. of Cadmium chloride (CdCl2)], group C [5 mg/kg/b.wt. of CdCl2+200 mg/kg/b.wt. of MSBECK], group D [5 mg/kg/b.wt. of CdCl2+400 mg/kg/b.wt. of MSBECK], while group E received 400 mg/kg/b.wt. of MSBECK only. All administration was done orally for 14 days. Results: The administration of Cadmium chloride caused a significant (p<0.05) reduction in blood cells and HDL-cholesterol levels. In contrast, it created a considerable increase in the concentration of serum total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, cardiac risk indices. However, the co-administration of MSBECK caused a significant (p<0.05) dose-dependent improvement in blood cells and restored total serum cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol and cardiac risk indices to normal ranges. Conclusion: The study showed that methanolic stem bark extract of Commiphora kerstingii protected against a reduction i
- ItemStudies on the Estimation of Stature from Hand and Foot Length of an Individual(2016-10-13) Ogundipe, Oluwadareackground: Studies on the estimation of stature from hand and foot length of an individual are essential study in personal identification. Aim and Objectives: This study is to find out correlation between statures with hand and foot dimensions in both sexes and gender comparison from an individual in Lautech Staff College in Ogbomoso and College ogbomoso and College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Material and Methods: A sample of 140 students and staff; 70 male and 70 female Students and staff of Lautech Staff College in Ogbomoso and College ogbomoso and College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, between 16-35years were considered and measurements were taken for each of the parameters. Gender differences for the two parameters were determined using Student t-test. Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) was used to examine the relationship between two anthropometric parameters and standing height (stature). All these measurements were done by using standard anthropometric instruments and standard anthropometric techniques. Results: The findings of the study indicated that the males mean values are not significantly difference when compared with females mean values in all measured parameters. The study showed significant (p<0.001) positive correlation between the stature with hand lengths and foot lengths. The hand and foot length provide accurate and reliable means in establishing the height of an individual. Conclusion: This study will be useful for forensic scientists and anthropologists as well as anatomists in ascertain medico-legal cases.
- ItemTreatment with methanolic extract of Ocimum gratissimum (Linn.) leaf reversibly normalizes urine protein-creatinine ratio in Wistar rat model of gentamicin-induced kidney injury(licensee Michael Joanna Publications, 2016-01-10) Ogundipe, OluwadareBackground: Due to its rapid onset of action, high antibacterial efficacy and low cost, gentamicin (GEN) is still been used (particularly in underdeveloped and developing countries) despite its nephrotoxic antibiotic effects. Experimental ethno-botanical evaluations are imperative in a world with increasing incidence of kidney injury; a condition that is expensive to treat or manage. Aim: Effects of methanolic extract of Ocimum gratissimum (Linn.) leaf (MOGL) on urine protein creatinine ratio (UPC) was determined in rats with GEN-induced kidney injury. Methods: This study involved the use of 50 rats such that graded doses of MOGL (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg p.o.) were administered following 8 days exposure to GEN (100 mg/kg i.p) and comparison were made against the control, toxic, 2 weeks and 4 weeks MOGL treatment groups at p <0.05. Results: GEN induced nephrotoxicity as depicted by significant perturbations in plasma and urine levels of creatinine and total protein (p <0.05); significantly lowered creatinine clearance and abnormal elevations of UPC as well as deleterious alterations of the kidney antioxidant system (GSH and TBARS) (p <0.05). Histopathological examination showed glomerular atrophy, formation of densely eosinophilic/ colloid cast within the tubules and severe loss of cellular constituents in the medullary interstitium. When compared with the control, these conditions were significantly normalized after 2 week MOGL treatment (p <0.05) with a deleterious reversal from normalcy at 4 week MOGL treatment (p <0.05). Conclusion: This study substantiated that MOGL has therapeutic potentials that becomes deleterious after sub-chronic administration in rat model of GEN-induced kidney injury.