Treatment with methanolic extract of Ocimum gratissimum (Linn.) leaf reversibly normalizes urine protein-creatinine ratio in Wistar rat model of gentamicin-induced kidney injury
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Date
2016-01-10
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licensee Michael Joanna Publications
Abstract
Background: Due to its rapid onset of action, high antibacterial efficacy and low cost, gentamicin
(GEN) is still been used (particularly in underdeveloped and developing countries) despite its
nephrotoxic antibiotic effects. Experimental ethno-botanical evaluations are imperative in a world
with increasing incidence of kidney injury; a condition that is expensive to treat or manage. Aim:
Effects of methanolic extract of Ocimum gratissimum (Linn.) leaf (MOGL) on urine protein creatinine ratio (UPC) was determined in rats with GEN-induced kidney injury. Methods: This
study involved the use of 50 rats such that graded doses of MOGL (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg p.o.)
were administered following 8 days exposure to GEN (100 mg/kg i.p) and comparison were
made against the control, toxic, 2 weeks and 4 weeks MOGL treatment groups at p <0.05.
Results: GEN induced nephrotoxicity as depicted by significant perturbations in plasma and
urine levels of creatinine and total protein (p <0.05); significantly lowered creatinine clearance
and abnormal elevations of UPC as well as deleterious alterations of the kidney antioxidant
system (GSH and TBARS) (p <0.05). Histopathological examination showed glomerular atrophy,
formation of densely eosinophilic/ colloid cast within the tubules and severe loss of cellular
constituents in the medullary interstitium. When compared with the control, these conditions were
significantly normalized after 2 week MOGL treatment (p <0.05) with a deleterious reversal from
normalcy at 4 week MOGL treatment (p <0.05). Conclusion: This study substantiated that
MOGL has therapeutic potentials that becomes deleterious after sub-chronic administration in rat
model of GEN-induced kidney injury.