Department of Architecture

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Building Leadership Capacity for Sustainable Governance in Nigeria: lessons from architectural design studio culture
(Sustainable Development and Environmental Protection, 2010) Aderonmu, Peter A.
The national policy on education in Nigeria has its cardinal objective to promote the acquisition of appropriate creative skills, abilities and competence both mental and physical as equipment for the individual to live in and contribute to the development of the society. In most recent times the Nigeria educational system and governance are both at cross-road by contrast to what are obtained in developed nations of the world. Predicated on this basis that, leadership potentials can be activated and built through a systematic-induction process inherent in architectural design studio culture model (learning-by-doing, LBDM), and capable of engendering sustainable development across all fields of human endeavour, including governance. It employed mainly a feedback-mechanism based on the design studio process instruction model. The study drew heavily on the ethical values of this model to justify its potentials in enhancing leadership capacity building in Nigeria. The results revealed the values of optimism, respect, sharing, engagement, and innovation while hinged on core factors of dynamism, teamwork, specification, creativity, intelligence and innovation that are at the heart of sustainable development.
Assessing Community Engagement in Tourism Planning and Development in Nigeria: A Case Study of Arinta Waterfall Tourist Resort, Ipole Iloro Ekiti State
(Transnational Journal of Science and Technology, 2012-05) Izobo-Martins, Oladunni
Tourism development and finance is seen as a very viable means of economic development for any country. Apart from generating wealth for the economy, tourist sites also enhance community cohesion and promote peace within the host community. Tourism needs a high level of planning and this has to involve the local community in order for them to have a sense of attachment to the site. This paper reviews the Arinta Waterfall in Iloro Ekiti, Nigeria. it presents the report of a research into how engaged the members of the community are regarding the resort. Interviews were held with key stakeholders in the community and in the state planning authority. Questionnaires were also distributed among staff of the resort as well as community members randomly. The result shows that the community members don’t feel attached to the tourist site hence; there is a strong tendency for them to blame the lack of development and public awareness of the resort of the government officials. This paper however recommends that Community engagement and impact of development must be given high cognisance as lack of community acceptance can have adverse effect on any development; and that there is a need for tourism promotion and awareness. It is indeed disheartening when majority of people living in a neighbourhood are oblivious of the vast natural endowment within their community. Community interest and social capital can be developed through coordinated attempts and effort by the developers and planners by designing sustainable means of engaging with local community groups
User’s Satisfaction with Residential Facilities in Nigerian Private Universities: A Study of Covenant University
(Transnational Journal of Science and Technology, 2012-12) Izobo-Martins, Oladunni
This study aims at ascertaining the satisfaction derived by residents of the staff residential estate of a Nigerian private university from its facilities with a view of ensuring the functionality and optimal performance of facilities in Universities. In achieving the aim of the study, one hundred and ninety six (196) questionnaires were distributed to the residents of Covenant University’s staff quarters made up of diverse housing units for various cadre of its faculty using the non-probability sampling technique. A total of one hundred and twenty-four (124) questionnaires were returned representing a response rate of 63.26% and collated data was analysed accordingly using the weighted arithmetic mean coupled with the relative importance index. Findings showed that the inhabitants of the university staff quarters were majorly satisfied with the services of five out of the eight principal university facilities maintained by the Physical Planning and Development (PPD) unit. Three other systems were in need of attention as indicated by the relative importance index. Conclusively, the PPD was admonished to continually pay attention on the services of the University’s priced assets which on the long run, would foster an increased satisfaction level for residents of the estate
Housing Finance: the role of the private sector in public-private partnership in housing delivery for the low-income in Nigeria
(International Journal of Architecture and Urban Development, 2014) Aderonmu, Peter A.
Events in the building industry in Nigeria in the last decade show the important role the private sector played in housing finance. With the advent of the public-private partnership concept in almost every sector of the socio-economic spheres of the nation, the role of the private sector in housing finance cannot be over-emphasized. This paper clearly states that the low-income public servants do not easily have access to housing finance. The responsibility of generating housing finance at a relatively low interest rate repayable over a maximum period of twenty five years rests on whoever seeks for a housing loan. This paper seeks mediatory role of the private sector between this class of the society and the mortgage banks to source for funds to enable them to own their houses. This paper examines the role of the private sector in the public-private partnership in housing delivery to the low-income earners in Nigeria through housing finance.
The Designers’ Task, Dynamics and Integration of Solar Energy in Buildings
(Architects' Colloquium, 2014-01) Aderonmu, Peter A.
Architectural design studio project experience result in a charade of events that take place within and outside the intellectual domains of the students’ designers; both the design studio teachers and practitioners in the field are not unconnected with these realities of knowledge construction in Renewable Energy options. This happens especially when design problems occur to a building and major influences may impinge on the space organization as affected by heat, ventilation, air conditioning and lighting. Such operationalization may result to dysfunction when the knowledge construction of sustainability indices by architectural designers were not properly utilized and integrated in design projects.This study examined a review of Solar Energy systems with respect to designers’ tasks, strategies of integration in Architectural design. A review of design studio works of some selected students as assessed by the jurors and interviews were used to gather the data for the study. The results obtained suggest that although the students were taught aspects of sustainability relevant to the integration of Solar Energy as alternative energy source in buildings, but they may not have utilized and internalized them properly. This is because the responses of the students on sustainability performance of their studio work were skewed and some students indicated little knowledge of some sustainable principles, which had already been incorporated into the curriculum. The study concludes with advocating for Experiential learning in architectural education with the sense of empathy as the user, client and architect-designer of spaces, which portray the principles that are taught in the curriculum of schools.
Evaluation of Canaanland Camp House B, Ota, Ogun State
(International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, 2014-07) Izobo-Martins, Oladunni
Post Occupancy Evaluation (POE) has been identified as one of the key methodologies in identifying the performance of buildings. It is important for building industry professionals as well as end users to understand the efficiency and effectiveness of their buildings through proper analysis of feedback. The purpose of POE is to improve how buildings are constructed by reducing design and maintenance costs, enhancing occupant satisfaction, comfort, and performance, and to increase return on building owners’ investments. This paper adopts a strategic review using POE in an investigative format with particular focus the Camp House B which served as accommodation for post-graduate students of Covenant University and lodging for groups on spiritual programmes. A survey was carried out using a structured questionnaire as research instrument. The 48 Masters students of architecture representing 30.57% of the total of 157 Post Graduate students were chosen as the sample. The study variables were analyzed using descriptive statistics, tests for correlations and significant relationships were established. The results show significant correlation between the time spent in the rooms and the perceived air quality of the building and significant relationship between adequacy of room space and change in needs of the occupant. The paper concludes with results that show relative user comfort in the buildings and rated the buildings condition as good with a rating of 2.88/4.00. The paper recommends concerted efforts towards improving plumbing services and the inclusion of passive cooling features in design solutions.
Infrastructure Conditions in Public Secondary Schools, Ogun State Nigeria
(International Journal of Civil, Structural, Environmental and Infrastructure Engineering Research and Development (IJCSEIERD), 2014-10) Izobo-Martins, Oladunni
It is widely believed that all is not well with the facilities and infrastructure in public schools in Nigeria. However studies have shown that maintenance activities go on in these institutions but the intensity and magnitude may be inadequate. The Study examines the availability and condition of infrastructures in Public Secondary School buildings in Ado-Odo/ Ota L.G.A, Ogun State, Nigeria. The study used descriptive survey research method and stratified random sampling technique to sample Thirty-Six Public Secondary Schools out of Forty-Seven in Ado-Odo/Ota Local Government Area. Data were collected using questionnaire and observation methods. The analysiswas done through descriptive statistics and chi square tests. The result shows that user attitude, maintenance culture and lack of fund have major influence on the present condition of the existing infrastructures.It was observed that a sizeable portion of the infrastructures in the Public Secondary School are in the state of disrepair and there is high need for resolving them. This paper concludes that if proper attention is given to school infrastructures there will be improvements in the Public Secondary School building Condition in Ado-Odo. Ota L. G. AOgun State.
Sustainability Parameters in Knowledge Construction: energy efficiency issues of architectural design studio space
(International Journal of Civil, Structural, Environmental and Infrastructure Engineering Research and Development, 2014-12) Aderonmu, Peter A.
This paper reports on the sustainability parameters relevant to knowledge construction in architectural design studio space. A questionnaire with multiple- choice and open-ended questions was used in order to gain an in-depth understanding of patterns of knowledge construction of architecture students; the design studio spaces of B.Sc. and M. Sc. students of Covenant University, Ota was employed as pretested model. The study profile was patterned in the similitude of Article 3 of the European Union EEC Council Directives [1]. The analysis showed varied sustainability (energy efficient characteristics) indices of the design studio learning-working spaces. The specified indices of schools curriculum are relatively indifferent as regards productivity level within this space. This is due to some reasons; which include lack of awareness of sustainability characteristics, orientation, curriculum package for stakeholders, and other pedagogic issues. The results of research findings revealed sustainability attributes in the areas of thermal characteristics, heating installation and usage in the studio, ventilation requirements, other strategies for overcoming these difficulties. This study recommends construction of knowledge and practice in the specificity of sustainability indices.
Maintenance of Public Secondary School Buildings: Users’ Practices in Nigeria
(2015) Izobo-Martins, Oladunni
The sustainability of infrastructure in public secondary schools in Nigeria requires an attention. One of the ways to attain this is the adoption of maintenance strategies and policies. The application of maintenance strategies among various users demands urgency for policy formation. The study examined the secondary school building conditions and users opinions in Nigeria. The study data were collected through questionnaire administered on the users of the public secondary school buildings in the study area. The data collected were subjected to descriptive statistical tool. The study found out that there are maintenance attempts by the school principals in one way or the other. None of the selected school has a maintenance manual and definite strategy in place. Also the users’ attitudes and lack of maintenance funds are major factors to the dilapidated condition of the secondary school buildings. The study recommends a need for more governance support, development of policy and users’ awareness on the essence of maintenance as a practice in Nigeria
Impact of Urban Regulations on the Residents in Lagos, Nigeria
(2015) Izobo-Martins, Oladunni
Urbanization in Nigeria has been on the increase, especially in Lagos states due to rapid developments. A critical assessment of the current urban land policy and existing strategies has shown that land schemes have not made the desired result. Land rules and regulations have not been observed holistically by the residents. However, some deficiencies are found in the existing rules and its implementation. The entire land rules and regulations objectivity are in the right perspective, still the level of enforcement seems to be low. Planning permission and building regulation are both the responsibility of the local planning authority. While planning permission is to erect or extend a building, building regulation defines how the new building must be constructed. The Lagos state government has initiated a more harmonize activities of Ministry of Physical Planning and Development, the Lagos State Urban and Regional Planning (LASURP), the Lagos State Waste Management Authority, (LAWMA) and the Ministry of Environment regarding enforcement, administration, approval of building document and demolition of illegal structures. The study focused on urbanization problems in the city, together with the issues of planning permission. Furthermore, the quality of the urban environment as well as ascertain a correlation between approved buildings and laws. The paper a requirement to strengthen the planning rules and regulations; this can be achieved by employing more fully competent professionals.
Difference in Grading Parameters in Architectural Schools and its Impact on the Competency Rating of Future Professionals
(Frontiers of Architectural Research, 2015) Aderonmu, Peter A.
rchitectural education in Nigeria is divided into at wo-tier training system of four and two years for undergraduate and postgraduate study, respectively. After the completion of postgraduate study, a student is deemed competent to take the professional practice examination. Success in this examination qualifies a student to be registered as an architect. The competency rating of future professionals in architectural schools in Nigeria is determined through a jury system of scoring based on predetermined grading parameters. However, the grading parameters adopted by assessing authorities (academic professors and practitioners representing the professional body) differ. The difference in the grading parameters employed by the two approved assessing authorities in Nigeria was investigated in this study. Covenant University in Nigeria was used as a case study. The grading parameters and scores for the 2013 academic session were compared to determine similarities and differences, which might have affected the competency rating of students. Descriptive statistics was employed to analyze the data obtained. Results showed a significant difference in scoring by the two authorities. This difference had a significant consequence on the competency rating of students.
Comparison of design studio and jury systems in architectural schools in southwest Nigeria
(Global Journal on Humanites & Social Sciences, 2015) Aderonmu, Peter A.
Examination of architectural design is given prominence in schools of architecture because it is considered as the bedrock of architecture profession. In many Nigerian architectural schools, the jury system is used to examine the students' architectural design studio projects. However, it is observed that the system has applied in various schools may be prone to subjectivisms and variations of the jurors. The aim of this paper is to critically examine the jury system as applied in two schools of architecture located in southwest Nigeria. While one school is domiciled in a government owned university, the other is located in a privately owned university. Data is based on analysis of relevant documents, observation of jury assessment processes and group discussions with staff and students. Result revealed that jury processes in the schools showed more similarities rather than differences. Furthermore, the jury system also aids in the teaching and learning of students. The paper concludes that to improve learning dynamics in architectural design studio, learning environments must incorporate diverse delivery and jury assessment modes that retort to student learning styles.
Pathways to Architectural Education and Practice Success in Nigeria
(Journal of Education and Practice, 2015) Aderonmu, Peter A.
Architectural practice and education has always been seen by architects and students of the discipline as a tough and demanding terrain. This may be connected to the obvious demands of the training of architects, characterized by long hours of design, drafting, and modelling. This does not end at the schools of architecture but continues through the practice journey. However, some veterans of the profession argue that this is the sure pathway towards success in architecture. This paper aims at providing pathways towards the preservation and sustenance of the relevance of the profession and architectural practice in Nigeria. The paper adopts a qualitative research approach while presenting findings from in-depth interviews of sixteen leading principals of architectural firms drawn from Lagos, Abuja, Benin-city, Enugu and Port Harcourt. The study explores the challenges of the practice environment, the shortcomings of the products from the schools; practice demands and the pathways to being a desirable graduate and architect in practice. The paper concludes with the recommendations that certain areas of study of architecture such as detailing, understanding of planning laws, regulations and entrepreneurship studies in architecture should be given intensified attention in the training institutions. The need for architects to reach out socially through all available media within the ambits of the law to promote commissions while being actively involved in the activities of their professional bodies was found to be a crucial path to practice success. Finally, partnerships and collaborations between architects and firms is assuredly a path towards promoting stronger, healthier and enduring architectural businesses.
Deserted Studio and Culture in Architecture Schools: issues of policy and implementation strategies
(Global Journal on Humanites & Social Sciences, 2015) Aderonmu, Peter A.
Architectural design studio engages students, teachers and other stakeholders in countless activities that results in the term ‘studio culture’. Traditionally, the culture comprised of experiences, habits and patterns within the studio space. These unique learning environments have been observed to be deserted by students due to some factors that were either neglected or not properly positioned in the context of the schools’ ‘modus operandi’. This paper examined the attitudes of students towards design studio in schools of architecture. An in-depth investigation of studio culture, policy, implementation strategies and students’ attitudes was carried out in lieu of deserted studio. It was tailored after the studio culture policies of four (4) selected schools in south-west Nigeria. Findings revealed that culture demystification, motivational factors and institutional policies are some of the factors responsible for deserted studio. The study showed commonalities and varied conceptual indices of the terms "studio culture" in each case. The study recommended specificity of sustainable studio culture policy, operation and implementation strategies for architecture schools in Nigeria as a way of curbing the menace of deserted studios.
The Domestic Architecture in Benin, A Good Place for Building Resilience
(BEST: International Journal of Humanities, Arts, Medicine and Sciences (BEST: IJHAMS), 2015-03) Izobo-Martins, Oladunni
The domestic architecture in Benin has undergone an elastic process evolution from the pre-colonial period to the post-independence period. This is so because the people of Benin developed a social system which resulted in a transition process of traditional values that are firmly rooted in the past that will not endanger the future. The paper identified key concepts of resilience/vulnerability in the context of community vulnerable to the built environment, using a case study of Benin domestic architecture as methodology. The case study focuses on the resilience of core area houses to the influence of modern building styles while considering climate change on the city in the last few years as it affect resilience to core area planning and core area building materials within city. The result of the findings showed the core area buildings are vulnerable to change due to urbanization and climate change issues but at the time the building quite resilient and adaptive to transformation issues due to some factors which are outside the scope of this study
Architecture Students’ Perception of their Learning Environment and their Academic Performances
(Learning Environments Research, 2015-04) Aderonmu, Peter A.
Scholars have agreed that the way students perceive their learning environment influences their academic performances. Empirical studies that focus on architecture students are however very scarce. This is the gap that an attempt has been made to fill in this study. A questionnaire survey of 273 students in a school of architecture in Nigeria provided data for this pilot study. The perceptions of the students were best defined by the involvement of the students in their studies, their perceived support and conduciveness of the learning environment. The students’ perceptions of their learning environment varied with their years of study, ages, and gender. Their perceptions of inflexibility of schedule, positive assessment, and fairness influenced the overall grades of the students. The results suggest the aspects of learning environment that can be manipulated by architectural educators to improve performances of their students. The study of the learning environment of architecture students still appears to be relatively unexplored. The value of this study therefore lies in its exploration of the perceptions of the learning environment from the point of view of students.
Reconsidering Our Environment Towards a Sustainable Higher Education in the Future
(2015-11) Izobo-Martins, Oladunni
It has been observed that one significant problem facing the higher institutions in Nigeria is the declination in the performance of the students. Studies have been carried out by several researchers to ascertain the cause of the declining performance and drop outs that is gradually becoming a norm. The phenomenon has been identified as low level of students’ retention. In order for higher institutions to improve the students’ retention, the act of rethinking the environment can enhance and improve the students learning. If higher institutions campus experience by creating environments for speedy integration coupled with the provision of academic advisors. This study brings to focus affordable student center as a medium for student campus integration which would present a creative environment for improving student enthusiasm about schooling, simultaneously improving performance. Therefore, the core of this study is to investigating the decline of students’ performance and drop out in order to establish a sustainable and cost effective higher education environment. The findings show that students’ retention can be improved upon, through the provision of affordable and sustainable student centers in the higher institutions. This paper concludes that if the capacity of an institution is to improve a student’s enthusiasm, then a sustainable and affordable environment would contribute and determine the rate of student retention.
Assessment of the Impact of Circulation Design on Guests’ Satisfaction with Hotel facilities in Port Harcourt, Nigeria
(International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, 2016) Aderonmu, Peter A.
As is true for all service industries, achieving customer satisfaction is a critical component of the success of hotel business. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of guests’ satisfaction with circulation design overall satisfaction with hotel facilities in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. It was motivated by the dearth of published empirical literature on this subject from the Nigerian perspective. A questionnaire survey involving 103 guests drawn from three hotels was conducted between December 2015 and January 2016 in the study area. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, factor and categorical regression analyses. The result reveals that the guests were more satisfied with internal circulation than external circulation in the hotels. The main sources of dissatisfaction were poor usage of signage to direct pedestrian and vehicular traffic; the lack of pedestrian walkways; and poor access to outdoor recreational facilities within the premises of the hotels. The respondents understood the 35 variables used in assessing guests’ satisfaction with circulation in the hotels from five different dimensions of satisfaction with the location of circulation elements and ancillary facilities; satisfaction with access to ancillary facilities; satisfaction with access to circulation elements; satisfaction with the size and shape of circulation elements; and satisfaction with the use of signage and landscaping elements. However, satisfaction with the location of circulation elements and ancillary facilities, access to ancillary facilities and circulation elements; and the use of signage and landscaping elements emerged as the strongest predictors of satisfaction with hotel facilities. The study implies that to ensure improved customer satisfaction with hotel facilities, adequate attention should be given to the use of signage to direct human and vehicular traffic, provision of pedestrian walkways, and access to outdoor recreational facilities
Pedagogic Tenets of Specification Writing in Architectural Education, Construction and Practice
(Sains Humanika, 2016) Aderonmu, Peter A.
Specification writing is an important aspect of architectural curriculum; as failure of the architect to write an effective specification in educational training and construction-practice may lead to unpalatable factors. This study explored couple of methods employed in the teaching, learning and assessment of specification writing students in architecture department, Covenant University, South-West Nigeria, with a view to identifying the most effective method within the group dynamics. The methodology adopted for this study involved the interview of M.Sc. II architecture students and adoption of two (2) basic pedagogic methods namely Traditional and Revolutionary during class sessions. The qualities were evaluated and assessed through the outcome of students' assignments, standard performance tests and examinations results, and documentations in brainstorming-interactive class sessions. It was found that there were significant differences between the performance scores of students using diverse pedagogic methods. It recommended that further research capable of bridging education and construction- practice in synergy.
Simulated Combined Earthquake and Dead Load Lateral Resistance Building Systems using Nigeria Seismic Data
(Journal of Materials and Enviromental Science, 2016-01-15) Aderonmu, Peter A.
This study investigated the effects of combined earthquake and dead load on a simulated lateral load resistance building systems. An eight-floor level steel building was modelled in SAP2000, and analysed using seismic information obtained from an earthquake which occurred at Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria. The study was based on a selected magnitude of earthquake by considering the highest magnitude ever experienced in Nigeria which was within 4 – 4.9 (light earthquake category).The building was analysed under bracing and shear wall systems, and it was checked for a maximum deflection and inter-storey drift not exceeding 500 mm and 2% respectively. From the analysis conducted, it was inferred that eccentric bracings are better than concentric bracings in dissipating energy under seismic conditions, short link eccentric bracings provide more stiffness than long link eccentric bracings hence in order to quickly achieve the requirements of a maximum deflection of 500 mm or below and a maximum inter-storey drift of two per cent or below, short links bracings were used which require lesser number of elements compared to long link bracing thus leading to a more economical solution.

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