Department of Biochemistry
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- ItemProximate and Phytochemical Composition of Cola lateritia Seeds and its Effect on Lipid Profile Levels in Wistar Albino Rats(SciTechnol, 2022-10-17) Akinyode OA,Cola lateritia is an indigenous edible tropical fruit species also utilized for health purposes. This study was aimed at determining the proximate, phytochemical composition of Cola lateritia seeds and its effect on serum lipid profile levels. Proximate composition and phytochemical analysis were done using standard methods. Crude extraction protocol was done using standard methods. Sixteen albino rats were randomly divided into four groups of four animals each. Group A was the control group fed on food and water only, Group B, C and D received 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg respectively per body weight of Cola lateritia seeds extract orally for fourteen days. Serum levels of High Density Lipoprotein (HDL), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), Triglycerides (TG) and cholesterol were determined spectrophotometrically. Results showed that Cola lateritia seeds contained 9.44% moisture, 0.64% ash, 0.20% fat, 1.31% fiber, 6.02% protein and 82.39%carbohydrate. Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoid (8.35%), saponin (6.59%), terpenoid (5.59%), phenol (2.53%) and tannin (0.098 mg/g). There was a significant (p<0.05) reduction in the serum levels of cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglycerides in the test groups compared to the control. These findings thereby suggest the hypolipidemic activity of Cola lateritia which can be attributed to some of its phytochemical constituents.
- ItemPhysical activity, gut microbiota and the nexuses of metabolic and psychological disorders in children and adolescents(Discover Public Health, 2024) Otuechere, Chiagoziem A.The burden of health issues surrounding the children and adolescents (ChAds) population is of great concern. From metabolic disorders such as obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, diabetes, multiple sclerosis including mental and several other psychological disorders like attention deficit hyperactivity, internet addiction, autism spectrum, subthreshold mood symptoms and depression, and stress disorders, is a nexus of the gut microbiota (GM) profile and physical activity (PA), as they both play a crucial role in ameliorating these disorders. The aim of this review is to explore the disorders with regard to their association with ChAds’ GM and its health. We started with brief descriptions of PA and its connections with GM profile cum health in ChAds. In addition, the disorders in ChAds were broadly classified into metabolic and psychological. Observations from the discussed sections show that exercise and physical activity are efficient methods for enhancing physical, metabolic, and mental health, which are often GM-mediated, and thus might require certain levels of personalization. Furthermore, age, gender, genetics, baseline BMI, baseline exercise level, and diet are key parameters to be explored when proffering intervention of combative mechanisms against these disorders.
- ItemIn Vitro a nd In Silico Anti Cariogenic Bacterial Activity o f Selected Spices Commonly Consumed i n South West Nigeria(Nigerian Society of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology (NSBMB)., 2024-09-30) Temitope D. AbiolaDental caries is a preventable oral disease simply by practicing good oral hygiene; however, this disease remains a global health challenge due to the difficulties in management and treatment. Onion, ginger, and nutmeg extracts have been reported as potent antibiotics. Thus, the study investigated the efficacy of these three spices against cariogenic bacteria. Samples were collected from consented caried-patients at the Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital (OOUTH), Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria. Disc and agar well diffusion methods were used to evaluate the antibiotic sensitivity of the spices against the isolates, respectively. The anti-cariogenic potential of significant compounds in each of the spices was further assessed against four bacterial target proteins (DNA gyrase B, dihydrofolate reductase (DHF), D-alanine: D-alanine ligase (Ddl1), and Isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase (IARS). Out of 100 samples collected, hundred and sixty-six (166) isolates were recovered: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (105), Staphylococcus aureus (52), and Streptococcus mutans (9). In-silico studies revealed that kaempferol in onion, luteolin 7-O-glucoside in ginger, and macelignan in nutmeg had high binding affinities for the four target proteins (ΔG> -7 kcal/mol). At 100% concentration, onions showed a higher zone of inhibition (20-22 mm) against the tested bacteria. In comparison, diameter zones of 20.33 mm and 20.67 mm for ginger, and 19.67 mm and 16.67 mm for nutmeg were observed against Streptococcus mutans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively. It was also observed that at higher concentrations of 100%, the tested spices had a higher inhibitory effect against the tested bacteria than the control antibiotics.
- ItemImmune boosting and ameliorative properties of aqueous extract of Vernonia amygdalina Delile against MSG-induced genotoxicity: An in silico and in vivo approach(Elsevier, 2024) Temitope AbiolaVernonia amygdalina (VA) is popularly consumed as food and as medicine due to its nutritional and bioactive constituents. This study assessed the anti-genotoxic effect of aqueous leaf extract of VA against monosodium (MSG) –induced genotoxicity. Crude extraction and phytochemical analysis were done using standard methods. In silico studies was done using compounds in the extract against Bcl-2, NF-kB 50, DNA polymerase lambda, DNA ligase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX). Twelve rats were divided into three groups with four rats in each group. Group I was fed on food and water, group II received MSG (4 g/kg) per body weight (pbw) intraperitoneally, group III received MSG (4 g/kg) pbw intraperitoneally followed by oral dose of VA leaf extract (250 mg/kg) per body weight. The number of the micronucleated red blood cells and white blood cells were determined from blood smears microscopically. Results showed that aqueous extract of VA contained in mg/100 g alkaloids (7.04 ± 0.16), saponins (3.91 ± 0.13), flavonoid (1.64 ± 0.16), phenol (3.40 ± 0.12) and tannins (0.07 ± 0.32). In silico studies revealed high binding interaction (ΔG > 8.6) of vernoniosides D and E with all the tested proteins. There was a reduction in the number of micronucleated cells, neutrophils and eosinophils of the treated group compared to the MSG group, while there was an increase in the lymphocyte count. The anti-genotoxic effects of VA leaf extract might be attributed to the synergistic interaction of the various bioactive components in the extract. VA could be a potential plant for the prevention of cancer and other diseases that attenuate the immune system.
- ItemGreen Synthesis of Genistein-Fortified Zinc Ferrite Nanoparticles as a Potent Hepatic Cancer Inhibitor: Validation through Experimental and Computational Studies(Discover Public Health, 2023) Otuechere, Chiagoziem A.