Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences

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Browsing Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences by Author "Oyeyemi, Adewale"

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    Association of Public Physical Activity Facilities and Participation in Community Programs with Leisure-time Physical Activity: does the Association differ according to Educational Level and Income?
    (BMC Public Health, 2022) Oyeyemi, Adewale
    Background: Our aim was to analyze the association of the presence of public physical activity (PA) facilities and participation in public PA programs with leisure-time PA, with an emphasis on the moderating role of educational level and income. Methods: We used data of 88,531 adults (46,869 women), with a mean age of 47.2±17.1y, from the 2019 Brazilian National Health Survey. Leisure-time PA (dichotomized considering 150min/week), the presence of a public PA facility near the household (yes or no), participation in public PA programs (yes or no), educational level (divided into quintiles) and per capita income (divided into quintiles) were all self-reported through interviews. Adjusted logistic regression models were used for the analyses. Results: The presence of public PA facilities near the household and the participation in public PA programs were associated with higher leisure-time PA among all quintiles of income and educational level. However, multiplicative interactions revealed that participating in PA programs [Quintile (Q)1: OR: 13.99; 95%CI: 6.89–28.38 vs. Q5: OR: 3.48; 95%CI: 2.41–5.01] and the presence of public PA facilities near the household (Q1: OR: 3.07; 95%CI: 2.35–4.01 vs. Q5: OR: 1.38; 95%CI: 1.22–1.55) were more associated with higher odds of being active in the leisure-time among the lowest quintile of educational level. Conclusions: The presence of public PA facilities and participation in public PA programs are environmental correlates that may be relevant for designing efective public health interventions to reduce social inequalities in leisuretime PA among adults in low-income areas
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    Physical Activity and Active Transportation Behaviour among Rural, Peri-urban and Urban Children in Kenya, Mozambique and Nigeria: The PAAT Study.
    (PLOS ONE, 2022-01-21) Oyeyemi, Adewale
    Background Physical activity (PA) is associated with numerous health benefits among children and youth. However, few studies have examined how active transportation (AT) and devicebased measures of PA vary within and between countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Purpose This cross-sectional study sought to investigate the prevalence and correlates of AT and device-measured PA among children living in urban, peri-urban and rural areas in three African countries representing Eastern, Western and Southern regions of Africa. Methods 3,205 participants (53.3% girls; 46.7% boys) aged 10–12 years were recruited in Kenya, Nigeria and Mozambique. Data were collected using a child questionnaire, a parent/guardian questionnaire and PiezoRx® pedometers. ANCOVA and binary logistic regression analyses were used to examine the correlates of AT and PA while controlling for gender, age, parent education and vehicle ownership. Results Participants accumulated an average of 45.6±23.5 min/day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and 11,215±4,273 steps/day. Kenyan and Mozambican children were significantly more active than their Nigerian counterparts (p<0.001). Only 23% met the MVPA guidelines of 60 min/day. 65.1% of participants engaged in AT to school (and 67.8% for the trip back home) with no gender differences. Living in a rural area, lower parent education, lower vehicle ownership and higher motorcycle ownership were associated with higher odds of AT. Other correlates of AT were country-specific. Girls accumulated less daily MVPA than boys in all countries. MVPA was positively associated with living in less urbanized areas in Nigeria and Mozambique. In Kenya, lower parental education and AT were associated with higher MVPA. Nigerian children’s daily MVPA decreased with age and the number of parent-perceived barriers to AT. Conclusions Majority of children engaged in AT, but still failed to meet MVPA recommendations. Most correlates of AT and PA were country-specific, suggesting that strategies to encourage both behaviours should be informed by local evidence.
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    Prospective Associations of Leisure-time Physical Activity with Psychological Distress 3 and Wellbeing: A 12-year cohort study
    (2021) Oyeyemi, Adewale
    Objective: To investigate the associations of leisure-time physical activity with psychological 51 distress and wellbeing, and potential mediators. Methods: We used data from the 1970 British Cohort Study (N=5,197 - 2,688 men), including waves 34y (2004), 42y (2012), and 46y (2016) waves. Participants reported leisure-time physical activity frequency and intensity (exposure) at age 34 (baseline), cognition (vocabulary test), body mass index, disability, mobility and pain perception (potential mediators) at age 42, and psychological distress (Malaise inventory) and wellbeing (Warwick-Edinburgh scale) at age 46. Baseline confounders included sex, country, education, employment status, alcohol use, tobacco smoking, and psychological distress. Main analyses included logistic regression and mediation models. Results: Higher leisure-time physical activity intensity at baseline was associated with lower 6psychological distress at 46y [β: -0.038 (95%CI: -0.069 to -0.007)], but not leisure-time physical activity frequency. Baseline leisure-time physical activity frequency and intensity were 63 associated with higher psychological well-being at 46y [frequency: β: 0.089 (95%CI: 0.002 to 64 0.176); intensity: β: 0.262 (95%CI: 0.123 to 0.401); and total: β: 0.041 (95%CI: 0.013 to 0.069)]. 65 Only body mass index at 42y partially mediated the association between leisure-time physical 66 activity frequency (15.7%) and total leisure-time physical activity (6.2%) at 34y, with 67 psychological wellbeing at 46y. Conclusions: These findings highlight the role of leisure-time physical activity in psychological distress and wellbeing, with greater effect sizes associated with higher frequency and intensity of leisure-time physical activity. Future interventions should consider examining potential mediators of the association of leisure-time physical activity with psychological wellbeing, such as body mass index.