Decolorization and Biodegradation of Reactive Blue 13 by Proteus mirabilis LAG
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Date
2010
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Elsevier B.V.
Abstract
The decolorization and biodegradation of Reactive Blue 13 (RB13), a sulphonated reactive azo dye, was
achieved under static anoxic condition with a bacterial strain identified as Proteus mirabilis LAG, which
was isolated from a municipal dump site soil near Lagos, Nigeria. This strain decolorized RB13 (100 mg/l)
within 5 h. The formation of aromatic amine prior to mineralization was supported by Fourier transform
infrared spectrometry (FTIR), which revealed the disappearance of certain peaks, particularly those of the
aromatic C–H bending at 600–800cm−1. Gas chromatography–mass spectrophotometry (GCMS) analysis
of the dye metabolite showed the presence of sodium-2(2-formyl-2-hydroxyvinyl) benzoate, with a
tropylium cation as its base peak. This suggested the breakage of naphthalene rings in RB13. The detection
of azoreductase and laccase activities suggested the enzymatic reduction of azo bonds prior to mineralization.
In addition, phytotoxicity studies indicated the detoxification of RB13 to non-toxic degradation
products by this strain of P. mirabilis LAG.
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Keywords
Reactive Blue 13, Decolorization, Biodegradation, Mineralization, Proteus mirabilis LAG