Brucellosis: A neglected tropical diseases
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Date
2024-08-05
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European Journal of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
Abstract
Brucellosis is among the top neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) as recorded by the World
Health Organization (WHO). It is referred to as neglected because it is poorly attended
to when it comes to its prevention and control over a long period of time. Brucellosis is
a zoonotic infection caused by the bacterial genus Brucella which include B. melitensis,
B. abortus, B. suis, and B. canis. Animals with brucellosis are usually with a history of
spontaneous abortion or infertility which invariably leads to low productivity. Brucella
is transmitted from animals (cattle, dogs, swine, camels and goats) to humans through
direct contact or indirect contact (ingestion of infected food products, or inhalation of
aerosols). This disease has been reported as an important cause of fever of unknown
origin particularly among occupationally exposed individuals. This disease is often easily
misdiagnosed as other febrile syndromes such as malaria and typhoid fever. This has
therefore resulted in mistreatments and underreporting. Brucellosis can be diagnosed
through culturing, serological techniques, and most importantly through molecular
techniques. This will enable adequate and correct treatment to avoid economic loss
through trial-and-error approach to treatment. The road towards achieving sustainable
development goals number 3 in the areas of good health and well-being should focus
more on detection, treatment, and elimination of NTDs.