Ameliorative Potential of Clerodendrum volubile Ethanol Leaf Extract on Doxorubicin-Induced Hepatorenal Toxicities in Rats
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Date
2021-07-09
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Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Medicines
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Hepatorenal toxicity is a side effect of the anthracycline cytotoxic
antibiotics, doxorubicin that is used in cancer treatment. The study investigated the
ameliorative potential of Clerodendrum volubile ethanol leaf extract (CVE) on doxorubicin
(DOX)-induced hepatorenal toxicities.
Methods: Male Wistar rats were pretreated with Clerodendrum volubile ethanol leaf extract
(50 - 400 mg/kg/day, p.o) followed by intraperitoneal injection of 2.5 mg/kg of DOX on
alternate days for 14 days. Hepatorenal toxicity was assessed using renal function parameters
(serum electrolytes, blood urea and creatinine), hepatic function endpoints [aspartate
aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP),
total protein (TP), albumin (ALB) and total bilirubin (TB)]. In addition, the antioxidant
activity in the kidney and liver tissues were assayed and histological studies of these tissues
were also conducted.
Results: Oral pretreatment with 50 mg/kg/day, 100 mg/kg/day, 200 mg/kg/day and 400
mg/kg/day of CVE remarkably ameliorated DOX-induced liver and kidney injury by lowering
the serum ALT, AST, ALP, Cr and BUN levels. CVE pretreatment remarkably ameliorated
DOX-induced increases in the CAT, SOD and GPx activities and MDA levels compared to
the DOX-treated rats. The biochemical changes were corroborated by improvements in the
DOX-induced histological lesions seen in the hepatic and renal tissues examined.
Conclusions: Overall, these findings suggest that Clerodendrum volubile ethanol leaf extract
elicits protective effect against DOX-induced hepatorenal toxicities mediated primarily via
oxidative stress suppression and improvement in the free radicals scavenging activities of
CVE.