Department of Psychology

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    Influence of Peer Pressure, Loneliness and Self-esteem on Pre-marital Sexual Activities among Undergraduates in Redeemer's University, Osun State, Nigeria
    (Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies, 2025-06) Ogunsemi, Joshua O.
    Pre-marital sexual activities have been identified as pressing social and public issues among university students, with severe implications for contracting sexually transmitted diseases. The objective of this study was to examine the influence of psychological factors (loneliness, peer pressure and self-esteem) on pre-marital sexual activities among Redeemer's University undergraduates. Using a cross-sectional design, three hundred and eighty undergraduates - 194 males and 186 females between the ages of 16 and 25 years (M=18.99, SD=1.61) were purposively selected for the study. A self-reported questionnaire consisting of a demographic data form, University of California Loneliness Scale (UCALS), Yielding to Peer Pressure Scale (YPPS) , Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and the Sexual Abstinence Behaviour Scale (SABS) was used to collect data. Descriptive statistics, multiple linear regression, and an independent sample t-test were utilised for the inferential data. The findings revealed a percentage variance of 5% for psychological components (loneliness, peer pressure and self-esteem) and 14% for sociodemographic variables on pre-marital sexual activities. Self-esteem [β = -.13, t = -2.57, p<.05], loneliness [β = .14, t = 2.79, p <.05], and peer pressure [β = .12, t = 2.33, p <.05] were significant predictors of pre-marital sexual activity. Significant gender differences were observed in pre-marital sexual activities among the participants (t (380) = -7.23, p <.01), surprisingly with females having higher tendencies to engage in pre-marital sexual activity compared to their male counterparts. It is recommended that mental health counsellors implement programmes to enhance the self-esteem and social skills of those identified as vulnerable in the undergraduate population.
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    VALIDATION OF THE GA MING ADDICTION SCALE (GAS) ON NIGERIAN ADOLESCENTS
    (International Journal of Recent Advances in Multidisciplinary Research, 2020-08) Ogunsemi, Joshua O.
    A cross-sectional survey design utilizing an ex-post factor design was adopted to validate the Gaming Addiction Scale (GAS) using Nigerian secondary school adolescents. A purposive sampling technique was used to select the 338 (mean age and SD13.60 ±1.867) participants made up of 149 males and 189 females from several randomly selected secondary schools in a Local Government Area of Edo State, Nigeria. Participants responded to Gaming Addiction Scale (GAS) and Internet Gaming Disorder Test(IGD-20).Observed internal consistency of GAS showed a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of .75, a Spearman-Brown coefficient of.71 and Guttman Split-Half coefficient of.71. All but one of the items in the scale reported acceptable goodness-of-fit measures revealing corrected item-total correlations range of .192 to .523.Significant positive correlation was also observed between GAS and IGD-20 revealing concurrent validity score of (r = .459, P= .000).Determined new norms for GAS were scores51.81 for male and 47.98for female. GAS is gender sensitive and has acceptable psychometricproperties for Nigerian population.
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    Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS): Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Psychometrics Properties Among Sample of Nigerian Middle-Aged Workers
    (Corpus Intellctual, 2024) Ogunsemi, Joshua O.
    Background: The measurement of the cognitive aspect of wellbeing is significant in today’s world due to its link with mental health. The current study examined the factorial structure, psychometric properties and concurrent validity of the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) within the Nigeria socio-cultural setting. At the initial phase of the study, 109 participants working in a government owned University in Oyo State Nigeria completed the five items SWLS and their information was analyzed utilizing confirmatory factor analysis. One hundred and ten participants from a privately-owned university in Osun State Nigeria was used to concurrently validate the instrument with a similar measure: the six items Riverside Life Satisfaction Scale (RLSS)at the second phase. Result: The SWLS possess a satisfactory reliability (Omega (ωt) = .84). The model fit indicators observed after exposing the SWLS to confirmatory factory analysis revealed moderately suitable fitness and acceptable item loading for a single factor scale. A statistically significant Pearson’s (r) of = 0.79, p<.01 was observed between SWLS and RLSS. The SWLS possess an acceptable psychometrics property. It is a useful instrument for investigating life satisfaction within Nigeria sociocultural contexts.
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    The Moderating Effects of Social Support and Gender on the Relationship between Environmental Justice Perceptions, Environmental Engagement, and Well-Being among Residents of Ota
    (2024-12) Ogunsemi, Joshua O.
    Background: In urban areas where environmental challenges and socio-economic disparities are prevalent, such as Ota, Nigeria, the complex interplay between environmental justice perceptions, environmental engagement, and well-being presents significant challenges. These issues are exacerbated by inadequate social support systems and gender disparities, making it challenging to address environmental injustices effectively and improve the overall well-being of residents. Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional survey design, involving a total of 324 participants, aged 18 - 65 years (mean age = 43; SD = 16.79) that were recruited using a stratified random sampling technique. Data were collected using the Scales of Psychological Well-Being (SPWB); Environmental Justice Perception Scale (EJPS); Olabisi Onabanjo University Attitude Toward Environmental Engagement Scale (OOUATEES); and the multidimensional scale of perceived social support (MSPSS), descriptive and Pearson correlation matrix, and analysed using hierarchical regression models. Results: The findings indicated that better perceptions of environmental justice are associated with higher levels of general well-being [β = 0.25, t = 4.66, p < 0.00]. Engagement in pro-environmental behaviours was also positively linked to improved well-being [β = 0.16, t = 2.99, p < 0.00]. Environmental engagement significantly moderated the relationship between environmental justice perceptions and general well-being, amplifying the positive effects (β = 0.25, t = 4.66, p < 0.01). However, social support and gender did not significantly moderate these relationships, suggesting that the primary influences of environmental justice (β = 0.26, t = 4.83, p < 0.01) and environmental engagement (β = 0.19, t = 3.82, p < 0.01) are robust enough to overshadow the moderating roles of these variables. Conclusion: The study highlights the critical role of environmental justice perceptions and pro-environmental engagement in enhancing general well-being among residents of Ota. While social support and gender are important factors in well-being, their moderating effects may be less pronounced in environments with strong predictors like environmental justice and engagement. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions that promote environmental fairness and active engagement in environmental activities to improve overall well-being.
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    Perceived Vulnerability to COVID-19 Infection and Psychosocial Well-Being of Nigerian Residents
    (International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science (IJIRMS), 2020) Ogunsemi, Joshua O.
    The outbreak of the novel (SARS-CoV-2), known as COVID-19, has sparked global severe physical and mental health concerns in many spheres. Part of the identified mental health factors affecting people's psychosocial well-being is an increased level of health worries due to the perception of vulnerability, which has been raised by excessive exposure to news, information on rising cases, mortality, and many others. This study focuses on the predictive influence of perceived vulnerability to COVID-19 infection among Nigerian residents during the COVID-19 outbreak. A total of 355 Nigerians, 175 (49.3%) males, 180 (50.7%) females aged between 18 years and 42 years (M = 27.24, SD =7.05) participated in the study through an online snowball method. Data was collected using the Perceived Vulnerability to Disease Questionnaire (PVDQ) and Mental Health Continuum Scale- Short Form (MHC-SF). Analysis of results reveals a high prevalence of low psychosocial well being. That perceived vulnerability to COVID-19 infection significantly predicts psychosocial wellbeing (F (1,353) = 71.8, adj. R2 =.165, p <.01) among respondents. No significant sex influence was observed on psychosocial well-being; educational qualifications and marital status were found to significantly influence the psychosocial well-being of Nigerians during the COVID-19 Pandemic. The authors conclude that perceived vulnerability to COVID-19 infection predicts the psychosocial well-being of Nigerian residents during the COVID-19 Pandemic outbreak.