Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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    ARDUINO-BASED MAXIMUM POWER POINT TRACKING CHARGE CONTROLLER USING PERTURB & OBSERVE AND CONSTANT-VOLTAGE ALGORITHMS
    (Begell House, Inc. www.begellhouse.com, 2023) Ilori, A. O.; Dairo, O. F.; Willoughby, A. A.; Osinowo, M. O.; Ewetumo, T.
    The output power delivered by a photovoltaic (PV) module to charge a battery is dependent on solar radiation incident upon it and the ambient temperature. To reduce PV energy loss, the PV panel is kept at peak efficiency by operating the PV system at the maximum power point (MPP) to deliver maximum power to the battery under charge. In this work, Perturb & Observe (P&O) algorithm was implemented in conjunction with constant voltage (CV), using the MATLAB/Simulink tool. Results obtained from these simulations show that the tracking efficiency of the P&O algorithm decreases with solar irradiation. However, the relatively good performance of the CV algorithm at low irradiation levels augments the P&O method. Both algorithms were implemented in a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) design using an ATMega328 microcontroller operating on a minimal Arduino-compatible integrated development environment (IDE) prototype circuit.
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    Development of Ultra Low-Cost Data Acquisition System (DAS) for Developing Countries
    (Walailak University, 2022-07-01) Dairo, Oluropo
    The Data Acquisition System (DAS) is an important equipment in measurement systems, especially in weather monitoring and also very crucial in many areas such as agricultural, communication, transportation, sport and industrial processes. This work proposes a weather monitoring system based on an Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller board. The microcontroller has the ability to monitor, record and display the information of atmospheric sensor parameters connected to its analogue and digital pins. The outputs of analogue sensors are connected to the microcontroller through separate ADC for sampling. An LCD attached to the microcontroller displays the measured parameters. For analysis, the data is stored in excel format and can be copied directly from a microSD card. The DAS was tested and examined through intensive experimental work. From the tables and plots obtained from the experiment for standardizing the sensors, it is clear that there is close conformity between the data collected by the developed system and the existing standard systems. The need for extra cost baud rate and expensive third-party computer software for interfacing to download data from the logger has been eliminated. There is no need for the internet for any linking or configuration. It is evident that the DAS is of better choice in terms of cost and maintenance. The system will be helpful in monitoring and recording atmospheric parameters.
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    a-Amylase inhibition, anti-glycation property and characterization of the binding interaction of citric acid with a-amylase using multiple spectroscopic, kinetics and molecular docking approaches
    (Elsevier, 2022-05) Dairo, Oluropo
    The quest to suppress complications associated with diabetes mellitus is ever increasing, while food addi- tives and preservatives are currently being considered to play additional roles besides their uses in food enhancement and preservation. In the present study, the protective prowess of a common food preserva- tive (citric acid, CA) against advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) formation and its binding interac- tion mechanism with a-amylase (AMY), an enzyme linked with hyperglycemia management, were examined. Enzyme inhibition kinetics, intrinsic fluorescence, synchronous and 3D fluorescence spectro- scopies, ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) absorption spectroscopy, Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spec- troscopy, thermodynamics, and molecular docking analyses were employed. Results obtained showed that citric acid decreased a-amylase activity via mixed inhibition (IC50 = 5.01 ± 0.87 mM, Kic = 2.42 mM, Kiu = 160.34 mM) and suppressed AGEs formation (IC50 = 0.795 ± 0.001 mM). The intrinsic fluorescence of free a-amylase was quenched via static mechanism with high bimolecular quenching constant (Kq) and binding constant (Ka) values. Analysis of thermodynamic properties revealed that AMY-CA complex was spontaneously formed (DG < 0), entropy driven (TDS > DH), with involvement of electrostatic forces. UV–Vis, FT-IR and 3D fluorescence spectroscopies affirmed alterations in a- amylase native conformation due to CA binding interaction. CA interacted with His-101, Asp-197, His- 299, and Glu-233 within AMY active site. Our findings indicated that CA could impair formation of AGEs and interact with a-amylase to slow down starch hydrolysis; vital properties in management of type 2 diabetes complications.
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    Remote Labs in Education. The Obafemi Awolowo University Experience
    (University of Deusto Bilbao, 2011) Osasona, Oladipo
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    Development of an Operational Amplifier Virtual Laboratory based on iLab Architecture and NI ELVIS
    (American Society for Engineering Education, 2008) Osasona, Oladipo
    We have developed and deployed ‘OpAmp Lab’, a pedagogic operational amplifier virtual laboratory based on the MIT iLab architecture. The architecture is a three-tier architecture that abstracts the various parts of a remote laboratory system into different functional domains. This architecture makes the new virtual Lab experiments scalable and reduces the development and deployment time of new experiments through component reuse. OpAmp Lab uses the National Instrument ELVIS hardware platform for experimental set-up. Basic Op-amp circuits are realized through reconfigurable Dozen Impedance Op-amp configuration mounted on a multimode switch array. The front end or Client is implemented as a Winform Client, written in C# and uses connectible nodes as a metaphor for back-end hardware configuration. Strong emphasis is placed on the realism of the user interface, as we argue, the user interface is the most important determinant of the quality of a user’s educational experience. We discuss the various components of OpAmp Lab and the lessons learnt in the development of the system as well as the development of pedagogical experiments developed for it. OpAmp Lab has been in use at Obafemi Awolowo University, NIGERIA for the last two years. Faculty and students response has been strongly positive. We provide data showing that the Lab offers a viable means of augmenting the laboratory component of electrical engineering curricula in developing countries.