Peace and War Journalism: A Synoptic Review of Extant Literature
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Date
2018
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Department of Mass Communication, Novena University
Abstract
This article reviewed the debate on war and peace journalism and investigated empirical patterns in studies conducted in this field of research for the purpose of having an overview of areas that have been well-researched, as well as, those that are yet to be researched. Hence, the paper through a systematic and
chronological review of literature examined normative studies and empirical studies conducted, as well as, methodologies and theories used in this field of research. The review of literature found that early studies that emerged on peace and war journalism were normative and ethical in nature describing what peace and war
journalism is and intellectually suggesting ways it should be practised. Later, there was a move away from normative studies to empirical studies that examined media coverage of war and conflicts in different countries around the world. Theoretical frameworks that have been used to explain and strengthen this field of research include agenda-setting, framing, conflict, critical discourse analysis and critical race theories. Majority of the studies have adapted the use of qualitative and quantitative content analyses with only a few adopting a triangulation approach that combines the use of experiments, focus group discussions, critical discourse analysis and surveys. Based on these findings, this paper sets an agenda for future research in the field of peace and war journalism.
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Keywords
Peace Journalism, War Journalism, Framing theory, Agenda-setting theory, Critical Discourse Analysis