Advanced Principal Component Analysis of Various Risk Factors of Hepatitis B Prevalence in Nigeria
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Date
2024-09-30
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Tanzania Journal of Science
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an infectious disease globally estimated to have caused between
500,000 to 1.2 million deaths annually. HBV prevalence is still high in Nigeria. Thus, this
research aimed to identify factors germane to the widespread of HBV infection in an apparent
clinical survey. The methods of analysis used were frequency, percentage and Principal
component analysis (PCA). This was achieved through hospital record extracts of consultant
hepatologists and the dimensionality reduction of the acquired data while retaining essential
factors that are germane to the prevalence of HBV infection. The findings revealed that out of
seventeen components evaluated in the study, the PCA retained 15 components of which
Eigen-values are greater than 1.00. The symptoms retained in every component were fever,
muscle pain, fatigue, loss of appetite, blood in vomit, jaundice, pale stool, nausea, blood in
faeces, weight loss, malaise, abdominal pain, joint ache, swollen of lower extremities,
confusion and yellow eye. The symptoms were listed in accordance with their level of
relevance for diagnosing HBV in patients, and all the variables retained accounted for 94.278%
variation in the prevalence of HBV infection, with the majority of the infected populace found
among the adults (18 -64 years).