Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy and Antibacterial Activity of Stem Bark of Terminalia Glaucascens on Some Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria.
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Date
2023
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Scientia Africana
Abstract
Frequent antimicrobial resistance of bacterial pathogens has led to a search for plant origin to
synthesize new drugs. Hence, the antibacterial potential of the stem bark part of Terminalia
glaucescens plant needs to ascertain. The 162 pure bacteria isolated from the patient’s clinical
samples were confirmed using standard procedures to be Escherichia coli (65), Pseudomonas
aeruginosa (52), and Klebsiella pneumonia (45). The isolates were tested against seven commonly
available antibiotics and the extracts. The identified bark of T. glaucescens was prepared for
qualitative analysis using standard methods and also analyzed quantitatively using Gas
Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). Alkaloid, saponin, flavonoid, steroids, tannin,
terpenoid, and phenol were identified. The GC-MS analysis revealed 13 bioactive constituents with
Neophytadiene, Squalene, 3, 7, 11, 15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol and 9-eicosyne as active
components. Antibiogram study revealed that most isolates, especially E. coli and P. aeruginosa,
were 100% resistant to more than two antibiotics. The antibacterial activity of the stem bark of T.
glaucescens was reflected by inhibition zones, ranging from 5.5 mm to 12.5 mm; Escherichia coli had
the highest zone of inhibition (12.5 mm). The presence of phytochemicals and bioactive components
in this stem bark suggests its effectiveness in treating infections and producing pharmaceutical
products.