Antibiofilm Activity of Indigenous Dentrifices Massularia acuminata Linn and Distemonanthus benthamianus Baill on Biofilm Forming Cariogenic Bacteria.
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Date
2017
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Publisher
Nigerian Journal of Microbiology
Abstract
Biofilms are heterogeneous conglomerate of microorganisms which play a significant role in causing
dental caries in human. This study investigated the characteristics and antibiotics susceptibility profile of biofilm
forming bacteria associated with dental caries. Questionnaire was administered and dental caried swab samples were
collected from patients in two dental centers, in Abeokuta, Ogun state, Nigeria. Biochemical and molecular
techniques were used for further identification and characterization of bacterial isolates. Tube assay method was
used to screen for biofilm forming bacteria. Sensitivity test was done using agar well-diffusion techniques on
commonly used toothpaste, indigenous dentifrices (Massularia acuminata and Distemonanthus benthamianus) and
antibiotics. Prevalence of caries was higher among females (59.8%) compared to males (40.2%). The age of patients
mostly affected ranged between 20 and35 years. The molar teeth were majorly affected with caries (72.5%), with the
left lower jaws mostly infected (46.1%). Out of 274 bacterial isolates, Streptococcus mutans was the most prevalent
(22.6%), Staphylococcus aureus (19.7%), Enterobacteraerogenes (15.0%), Klebsiellapneumonia (12.8%), followed
by Lactobacillussalivarius (11.3%), Bacillus subtilis (10.7%) and Escherichia coli (8.0%) respectively. Biofilm
formation assay showed that out of 274 isolates 197 (71.9%) were biofilm formers. There was a significant
difference (p<0.05) between the toothpastes used. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in inhibitory effect
between M. acuminata aqueous compared with D. benthamianus. Gram-positive bacteria were sensitive to
erythromycin, while the Gram negative bacteria were sensitive to septrin. This study showed that dental caries in
Abeokuta affects all ages and groups with pathogenic Streptococcus mutans been the most frequently occurring
cariogens. Toothpastes are more effective than the use of indigenous dentifrices in preventing dental caries.
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Keywords
Biofilm forming microorganisms, Indigenous dentrifices, Masulariaacuminata, Distemonathusbenthaminus, Streptococcus mutans