Bitumen Seepage: Impact and Interaction on Heavy Metal Concentrations in Surface Water
| dc.contributor.author | Adeleke, Bola Olusola | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2022-03-04T13:11:25Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2022-03-04T13:11:25Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2019 | |
| dc.description.abstract | The association and interaction among metals in bitumen polluted water may affect the availability of the metals even at toxic levels to the surrounding environment and biota that are dependent on such water. The study was carried out at Ode-Irele in Ondo State bitumen belt, Southwest of Nigeria, where there are bitumen seepages, and Ebute-Irele where there are no records of seepages served as control. Composite samples of surface water were collected to a depth of 30cm midstream on the sites. Heavy metals – Manganese, Iron, copper, zinc, lead, chromium, cadmium, nickel, vanadium, arsenic, calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium were determined using standard methods. Data on metals’ concentrations were analyzed using descriptive statistics and t-test at p < 0.05. The associations that exist among metals of surface water were analysed using regressive correlation to determine which metal increased or decreased with rise and fall in the level of other metals. Values obtained were compared with Federal Environmental Protection (FEPA) and World Health Organisation (WHO) Guidelines. Results of the study revealed that nickel, calcium, magnesium, and sodium were higher in seepage site than that of control, but, nickel was significantly higher in surface water of seepage site, 0.40 ± 0.00mgL-1 than that of control, 0.30 ± 0.00mgL-1. Manganese, iron, copper, zinc, chromium, cadmium, nickel, vanadium, and arsenic, as well as calcium were higher than guideline levels. Nickel, iron, manganese, vanadium, calcium and sodium which are elemental components of bitumen could pose serious environmental problems. There were significant positive associations between iron and copper, manganese and vanadium, iron and sodium, calcium and magnesium, as well as between magnesium and sodium. The finding also revealed significant negative association between lead and zinc. The heavy metals in surface water that were higher in seepage site and higher than guideline values in Ondo State bitumen belt and especially those that are elemental components of bitumen could have toxic effects on the environment, and so they should be closely monitored during the bitumen development phase. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://dspace.run.edu.ng:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/2009 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.subject | Bitumen | en_US |
| dc.subject | Concentration | en_US |
| dc.subject | Heavy metal | en_US |
| dc.subject | Toxic | en_US |
| dc.subject | Water | en_US |
| dc.title | Bitumen Seepage: Impact and Interaction on Heavy Metal Concentrations in Surface Water | en_US |
| dc.type | Article | en_US |