Faculty of Humanities

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Browsing Faculty of Humanities by Author "Eyeh, Stephen Obruthe"

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    Africans and the New Diaspora
    (International Relations and Diplomacy, 2017-10) Eyeh, Stephen Obruthe
    This paper examines the life of Africans, using literature to discuss movements from Africa to other parts of the world as Diasporas. Such movements begin with slavery, to political asylum being sought and now self-initiated movements for trade, education, and labour for the facilitation of both information and industrial development. Relevant literatures are reviewed and analysed for their symbolic implications beyond the texts in order to establish the dialectic of facts and fiction. The relevant literatures include: Olaudah Equaino’s (1789) Equaino’s Travels, Joseph Conrad’s (1995) Heart of Darkness and Other Stories, and Akachi Adimora-Ezeigbo’s (2008) Trafficked. This paper posits that prior to the 15th century, Africans were free in their natural milieu with either no threat to their lives or being alienated from their ancestral homes until the period of slavery. Sequel to the attainment of independence by most African countries with the hope for self-governance and development, corruption, civil wars, foreign debts, economic depression, famine, and poverty truncate the people’s hope for better living. African citizens therefore seek refuge abroad in countries with viable economy. With globalization, not only education and culture play significant roles, but also modern technology especially information and communication technology (ICT) play key roles in population drift in trade. There lies an absurdity that Africans now flee their once free homeland or countries to foreign lands which are perceived as “heaven on earth” because of their functional systems through effective governance. Thus, this paper concludes that new movements and new Africans in the Diaspora are self-initiated, imposed, and motivated irrespective of their being alienated from home and the risks involved since the end will justify the means.
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    Communication Malady and the Tempering of Emotions with the Voice of Women in Global System of Mobile Communication (GSM) and Literature
    (Kaduna Journal of Humanities, 2023-11-20) Eyeh, Stephen Obruthe
    In this paper, the human speech of the female gender as it is employed using the global system for mobile communication (GSM) and the voice in conversation in dramatic texts (Shakespeare's Twelfth Night) is of major concern. Moreover, this paper analyses the various responses as recorded speeches made when a call is made by any caller using the mobile phones and the call cannot get through. It was discovered from these responses which are recorded messages are female voices. Although the veracity of some of the responses can be put to question, the feminine voice tempers emotions when a malady has occurred. In a similar vein, voice of a female character, Viola, a female character disguised as a male servant in William Shakespeare's Twelfth Night breaks the alienation and the state of incommunicado that Olivia places herself following the demise of her brother. Thus, this paper acknowledges the voice of the female gender which is soft, subtle and melodious as a necessary, natural therapy in all situations and contexts for the creation of psychological harmony and internal peace within and among persons in the home and in the public.
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    Theatre of the Absurd, Pre-Election Matters and the Future of Democracy in Nigeria: Reflections on APC V Machina
    (International Journal of Religion, 2024) Eyeh, Stephen Obruthe
    The practice of theatre of the absurd is more present and popular with politicians in Africa than with playwrights. Particularly in Nigeria, the grotesque images and ridiculousness in the utterances of those saddled with the responsibilities of governance can only be viewed as characters in any known absurdist’ play. Nigeria is a nascent democracy, and the 2023 general elections are fraught with inadequacies right from the moment of selection of party candidates through the election proper. Candidates, political parties executives and the court have engineered these inadequacies. The concern of court being the last hope of common man, is on the administration of justice as perceived by parties involved in a case and the society. Therefore, a flawed judgment can only serve to dampen the peoples’ belief in the sanctity of the judiciary. On 28th May 2022, Bashir Machina contested and won the All Progressive Congress’s Yobe North Senatorial primary election unopposed, and in June the same year, the political party submitted the name of Ahmad Lawan to the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) as its candidate for the main election into the Senate. In the ensuing litigation, both lower court and court of appeal affirmed the authentic candidacy of Machina, however, the Supreme Court in its judgment, affirmed Ahmad Lawan as the APC candidate for the election to the Senate. It is against this background that this study examines APC v Machina and argued that in this particular case, justice has been perceived not to have been done by the large segment of the society based on the peoples reaction in the media. We conclude that the five justices of the Supreme Court with divided resolution of three against two, and other participants in the litigation, merely represent different characters of an absurd drama fit only for the stage.
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    Women Entrepreneurship and Poverty Alleviation among Low Income Families in Developing Societies: An Empirical Evidence from Nigeria
    (International Journal of Religion, 2024) Eyeh, Stephen Obruthe
    The study investigated the relationship between women entrepreneurship and poverty alleviation among low income families in developing societies, and evaluated the impact of women entrepreneurship on poverty alleviation using Nigeria as reference. A survey design was employed with a questionnaire instrument administered to 250 women who are business owners in Lagos,using a simple random sampling technique. The response data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential analytical methods. The descriptive analysis showed that women take up entrepreneurship for the purpose of supporting their spouses to fight against poverty. A multivariate Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) was used for the inferential analysis and to specify the relationships among the construct variables in the study. The bootstrapping technique of the PLS-SEM was used to estimate the parameters in the model, with the aid of the Smart-3 software. The result of the factor loadings, reliability test, convergent and discriminant validity revealed that the construct variables are fit for the PLS-SEM. The path analysis revealed that wife’s income (women entrepreneurship) has significant positive relationship with provision of health care, education, clothing and housing, and hence significantly positively impact on poverty alleviation in these areas of family needs. But in contrast, women entrepreneurship does not impact significantly on food. In general, the study concludes that women entrepreneurship is a key driver of poverty reduction among low income families in Nigeria. Therefore, it is recommended that government and other stakeholders should make deliberate efforts to promote women entrepreneurship by providing financial support and other facilities to women entrepreneurs.
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    Womenpressionism and the Reading of Buchi Emecheta’s The Slave Girl
    (Hong Kong Journal of Social Sciences, 2024) Eyeh, Stephen Obruthe
    It has been observed that only few scholars pay significant attention to the study of women to women oppression in the novels written by African women in spite of the prevalence of this subject within the continent and the world at large. Therefore, this study aims to draw attention to the issue of women oppression by women that are becoming a common subject in African women literature. It seeks to argue that women oppression of women is an obstacle to women aspiration for change to patriarchal hegemony. This study deploys womenpressionism as a theoretical framework in the analysis of oppression as found in the language and action of women characters in the novel The Slave Girl. The novel is selected for its title, the fact that it is the author’s reflection of the life of her mother and for the representation of powerful women in Nigerian during the period of colonialism. Based on our finding, we argue that in order to have an equitable measure of gender balance in any society, women must collectively discourage women oppression of women as the way of dismantling the structure of patriarchy.