Faculty of Natural Sciences

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Browsing Faculty of Natural Sciences by Subject "Activated Carbon"

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    Clean Technology and Response Surface Approach for the Photodegradation of Selected Antibiotics by Catalyst Supported on Pine Activated Carbon
    (Springer, 2017-09-30) Omorogie, Martins
    This study enthusiastically highlights for the first time, a new nano-photocatalyst (reconstruction of SnO2/MnO2/Al2O3/TiO2 on MCM-41 SiO2@KOH-modified pine bark activated carbon harnessed for the photodegradation of two pharmaceuticals, which are contaminants of emerging concern, namely tetracycline (TCL) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX), using the response surface methodology. The MCM-41 structure-directing agent and a new low-cost/locally synthesized activated carbon were used as support for semiconductor nano-photocatalyst, which in turn enhanced its surface area/pore structure and photoactivity through the decrease in electron–hole pair recombination. The optimal desirability histogram and ramp functions showed each optimal or desirable condition for each dependent variable (factor) and independent variable (response). In overall, after all targets have been achieved, the ramp function plots gave a desirability of 0.689 (68.9%) for the photodegradation of TCL and a desirability of 0.602 (60.2%) for the photodegradation of SMX. The response surface methodology (RSM) technique showed that experimental run 3 gave maximal condition for the photodegradation of TCL with 99.4% of photodegradation of TCL achieved in 30 min, with half-life (time taken for 50% of 20 mg/L of TCL to photodegrade) of 3.04 min and a quantity of 9.94 mg/g of TCL photodegraded. Likewise, experimental run 10 gave maximal condition for the photodegradation of SMX with 94.95% of photodegradation of SMX achieved in 60 min, with half-life (time taken for 50% of 20 mg/L of SMX to photodegrade) of 5.58 min and a quantity of 9.50 mg/g of SMX photodegraded. This lucidly shows that this nanophotocatalyst is more efficient for the photodegradation of low initial concentration of TCL and SMX, when compared to the high initial concentrations of these antibiotics studied.
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    Regeneration Strategies for Spent Solid Matrices used in Adsorption of Organic Pollutants from Surface Water: a critical review
    (Taylor and Francis, 2016-01-16) Omorogie, Martins
    Adsorption is a very important physicochemical process used for several purposes including separation and purification of proteins and in water treatment. This article reviews the various strategies that have been employed in the regeneration of spent adsorbents used in the adsorption of organic pollutants from aqueous solutions. The principles, advantages, disadvantages, and factors influencing each of these techniques are discussed. Future perspectives on the use of these techniques in regeneration process are provided for further studies with the view to make the regeneration process of spent solids more efficient and sustainable.