Department of Biochemistry

Permanent URI for this collection

https://repository.run.edu.ng/handle/123456789/77

Browse

Browsing Department of Biochemistry by Subject "Annona muricata"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Chemical Profile, Antioxidant and Alpha-Amylase Inhibitory Activity of Leaves Extracts of Annona muricata: A Combined In vitro and In silico Study
    (Letters in Applied NanoBioScience, 2022) Avwioroko, Oghenetega
    Leaves of Annona muricata are commonly used for treating diabetes. This study was conducted to investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in the antidiabetic properties of leaves of Annona muricata. Leaves of Annona muricata were extracted separately with H2O, hydromethanol (50% methanol), methanol, ethylacetate, and n-butanol. Chemical characterization of the extracts was performed by spectrophotometry and Gas chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques. Biological activity was determined by α-amylase inhibition assays and molecular docking. The hydromethanol extract had a total phenolics concentration of 117.00±0.59 µg GAE/mg extract whereas; flavonoids were most abundant in the n-butanol extract accounting for 29.34±8.87 µg QE/mg extract. The n-butanol extract had the best FRAP value of 41.17±0.57 Vit C eqv mM, which was significantly higher than the value of the vitamin C reference. Estimated IC50 for all the extracts did not differ significantly but was significantly higher than the reference compound quercetin. All extracts inhibited α-amylase in vitro albeit significantly lower than acarbose. The hydromethanol extract had the highest inhibitory activity (53.31 ± 0.33%). Furthermore, chemical profiling of the hydromethanol extract revealed the presence of a variety of bioactive compounds. In silico analysis by molecular docking of the compounds identified by GC-MS on α-amylase revealed that the compounds had robust molecular interactions orchestrated by H-bonding and hydrophobic interactions. From the results, it can be concluded that extracts of Annona muricata possess antioxidant phytochemicals that inhibit α-amylase. Therefore, the results justify the use of the plant for the treatment of diabetes.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Comparative Study of the Effects of Annona muricata and Tapinanthus globiferus Extracts on Biochemical Indices of Diabetic Rats
    (Pharmacognosy Journal, 2019) Avwioroko, Oghenetega
    Introduction: Annona muricata and Tapinanthus globiferus (mistletoe) are medicinal plants used in traditional medicine to combat an array of human diseases. However, there is dearth of scientific prove for the activity of these plants in the management of non-infectious human diseases such as cancer, insomnia, hypertension, ulcers and diabetes. Method: The present study was designed to assess comparatively the effects of methanol extracts of Annona muricata (AME) and Tapinanthus globiferus (TGE) on biochemical indices of alloxan induced diabetic rats. The animals were allocated to eight (8) groups, group I were normal non-diabetic rats, group II (diabetic untreated group), group III treated with metformin alone, groups IV & V were diabetic rats treated with AME at dose of concentration 200 mg/kg BW & 400 mg/kg BW respectively, groups VI & VII were diabetic rats treated with 200 mg/kg BW & 400 mg/kg BW of TGE respectively. Group VIII were diabetic rats treated with AME + TGE at concentration of 200 mg/kg BW each. Concentrations of serum total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride (TG) of alloxan diabetic rats, creatinine and urea were assayed after 21 days of the respective treatments. Results: Diabetic untreated rats had significant increase p<0.05 in TC, TG, urea and creatinine compared to normal control group as opposed to the significant decrease observed for HDL in diabetic rats. However, treatment of diabetic rats with AME and TGE significantly suppressed (p<0.05) the concentrations of TC, TG and creatinine when compared with the diabetic untreated rats. A similar trend was observed for the calculated atherogenic index of treated rats when compared with diabetic untreated rats. Interestingly, co-administration of AME + TGE improved the biochemical indices of diabetic rats better than using each plant separately. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that AME and TGE could offer some benefits in the management of diabetic complications especially with regard to cardiac and renal health.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Metformin Potentiates the Antidiabetic Properties of Annona muricata and Tapinanthus globiferus Leaf Extracts in Diabetic Rats
    (Pharmacognosy Journal, 2021) Avwioroko, Oghenetega
    Background: There is paucity of experimental evidence on the complementary use of standard anti-diabetic drugs with herbal formulations. Materials and Methods: In this study, extracts of Annona muricata (AME) and Tapinanthus globiferus (TGE) were administered with metformin to diabetic rats in order to study the potential complementary effects. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal (i.p) injection of alloxan (150 mg/kg BW). AME and TGE (200 mg/ kg BW each) and Metformin (100 mg/kg BW) was administered to diabetic rats orally for 21 days. At the end of the study, rats were sacrificed; blood was collected for assessment of lipid profile and kidney function. Results: Treatment of diabetic rats with AME and TGE caused a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and Coronary Risk Index (CRI) with a concomitant increase in High Density Lipoprotein (HDL). Similarly, urea and creatinine concentration decreased in diabetic rats administered plant extracts. Co-administration of the plant extracts with metformin significantly improved lipid profiles and kidney function relative to rats administered metformin alone. Co-administration of AME and TGE extracts with metformin produced significant improvement in biochemical indices of diabetic rats. Conclusion: The results suggest potential synergistic interaction between the plant extracts and metformin. Furthermore, this work provides scientific support for the concomitant use of the plants used in the study with orthodox drugs for the management of diabetes.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Phytochemical Screening and Evaluation of the Phytoestrogenic, Hypocholesterolemic and Antioxidant Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Sour Sop (Annona muicata) seeds in DMBA-treated Female Wistar Rats
    (Biochemistry and Physiology: Open Access, 2018) Abiola, Temitope
    Background of study: Annona muricata; commonly known as sour sop has been reported to possess ethno medicinal values including anti-tumor and antioxidant activity. Aim: This research was aimed at evaluating the phytochemical composition and the phytoestrogenic, hypocholesterolemic and antioxidant activity of Annona muricata seed extract in 7, 12-dimethylbenzeneanthracene (DMBA) treated female wistar rats. Methodology: Ethanolic extract of A. muricata seed was prepared following crude extraction protocol. Qualitative and quantitative screening for the phytochemical constituents was done using standard methods. A total of thirty rats were randomly divided into six groups with five rats in each group. Group I served as the control group fed on food and water only; group II rats received A. muricata seed extract (200 mg/kg per body weight) intraperitoneally (i.p) daily for two weeks; rats in group III were treated with DMBA i.p (20 mg/kg pbw) twice weekly for two weeks; group IV rats were pre-treated with DMBA (20 mg/kg pbw) i.p for two weeks followed by i.p injection of tamoxifen (20 mg/kg pbw); group V rats were pre-treated with DMBA (20 mg/kg pbw) i.p for two weeks followed by i.p treatment with A. muricata seed extract (100 mg/kg pbw) for two weeks while rats in group VI received i.p injection of DMBA (20 mg/kg pbw) twice weekly for two weeks followed by i.p treatment with A. muricata seed extract (200 mg/ kg pbw) for two weeks. Blood samples were collected at the end of the experiment. Serum levels of estradiol and cholesterol were determined by standard methods. Levels of antioxidant parameters superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were also estimated from the serum using standard methods. Results: Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of phenol (26.74 mg/100 g), tannin (21.95 mg/100 g), flavonoids (27.52 mg/100 g), alkaloid (19.25 mg/100 g) and steroid (20.23 mg/100 g). Results obtained from the serum samples of experimental animals showed that there was a significant (P<0.05) increase in the estradiol, SOD and CAT levels while there was a significant (P<0.05) decrease in MDA and cholesterol levels of the treated rats as compared to the control groups. Conclusion: The results obtained in the study suggest the phytoestrogenic, hypocholesterolemic and antioxidant activity of A. muricata extract in DMBA-treated rats.