Department of Biochemistry

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https://repository.run.edu.ng/handle/123456789/77

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Browsing Department of Biochemistry by Subject "Alloxan"

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    Assessment of the Antidiabetic Potential of the Ethanolic Extract of Date Palm (Phoenix Dactylifera) Seed in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats.
    (Journal of Diabetes and Metabolism, 2018-01-19) Abiola, Temitope
    Background: Reports exist of the allopathic use of dates as a hypoglycemic, antioxidant and anti-diabetic agent. Date palm seed have also been found to be of nutritional and medicinal value Aim: this study was aimed at evaluating the anti-diabetic potential of the ethanolic extract of date palm seed inalloxan-induced diabetic rats. Methodology: Proximate composition of date palm seed was determined using standard methods. Ethanolicextract of date palm seed was prepared by crude extraction protocol. The total flavonoids, phenolic contents andtotal antioxidant capacity of the seed extract was determined. Also, the scavenging activity of the extract using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), nitric oxide (NO) and the reducing power was also evaluated. Thirty wistar ratswere randomly divided into five groups of six rats each. Group A was the control group, group B received date palmseed extract only (200 mg/kg bw) i.p, group C, D and E were the diabetic groups that received alloxan (150 mg/kgbw) intra peritoneally; group C was the diabetic control group, group D and group E were treated with glibenclamide(5 mg/kg bw) and date palm seed extract (400 mg/kg bw) intraperitoneally for fourteen days. At the end of the experiment, the lipid profile parameters (HDL, LDL, VLDL, cholesterol and triglyceride) levels were determined fromserum samples of the animals. Levels of glucose and antioxidant parameters (SOD, CAT, GSH and MDA) were also analysed from the serum samples of the experimental animals. Results: Results of proximate analysis revealed fiber to be highest (61.75%), carbohydrate (20.95%), fat(8.55%), moisture (3.40%), ash (2.79%) and protein (2.63%). The total flavonoid and phenolic content of date palmseed was found to be 45.28 ± 0.32 mg/100 g and 28.22 ± 0.43 mg/100 g respectively while the total antioxidantcapacity was 30.11 ± 0.21 mg/100 g. There was a significant (P<0.05) decrease in the levels of LDL, VLDL,cholesterol, triglyceride and blood glucose with no significant (P>0.05) increase in the HDL of the diabetic treatedgroups as compared to the diabetic control group. A significant (P<0.05) increase was observed in the SOD, CAT,GSH levels while there was a significant (P<0.05) decrease in the MDA level of the diabetic group treated with datepalm seed extract as compared to the diabetic control group. Conclusion: This study suggests the anti-diabetic potential of date palm seed extract which might be due to itshypolipidemic, hypoglycemic and antioxidant properties
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    Comparative Study of the Effects of Annona muricata and Tapinanthus globiferus Extracts on Biochemical Indices of Diabetic Rats
    (Pharmacognosy Journal, 2019) Avwioroko, Oghenetega
    Introduction: Annona muricata and Tapinanthus globiferus (mistletoe) are medicinal plants used in traditional medicine to combat an array of human diseases. However, there is dearth of scientific prove for the activity of these plants in the management of non-infectious human diseases such as cancer, insomnia, hypertension, ulcers and diabetes. Method: The present study was designed to assess comparatively the effects of methanol extracts of Annona muricata (AME) and Tapinanthus globiferus (TGE) on biochemical indices of alloxan induced diabetic rats. The animals were allocated to eight (8) groups, group I were normal non-diabetic rats, group II (diabetic untreated group), group III treated with metformin alone, groups IV & V were diabetic rats treated with AME at dose of concentration 200 mg/kg BW & 400 mg/kg BW respectively, groups VI & VII were diabetic rats treated with 200 mg/kg BW & 400 mg/kg BW of TGE respectively. Group VIII were diabetic rats treated with AME + TGE at concentration of 200 mg/kg BW each. Concentrations of serum total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride (TG) of alloxan diabetic rats, creatinine and urea were assayed after 21 days of the respective treatments. Results: Diabetic untreated rats had significant increase p<0.05 in TC, TG, urea and creatinine compared to normal control group as opposed to the significant decrease observed for HDL in diabetic rats. However, treatment of diabetic rats with AME and TGE significantly suppressed (p<0.05) the concentrations of TC, TG and creatinine when compared with the diabetic untreated rats. A similar trend was observed for the calculated atherogenic index of treated rats when compared with diabetic untreated rats. Interestingly, co-administration of AME + TGE improved the biochemical indices of diabetic rats better than using each plant separately. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that AME and TGE could offer some benefits in the management of diabetic complications especially with regard to cardiac and renal health.