Faculty of Social Sciences

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Internet Addiction among Adolescents: The Influence of Gender and Personality
(African Journal for the Psychological Study of Social Issues, 2017) Olusa, Abayomi Olubanjo
The increasing use of internet for economic and societal sustenance, along with adolescents’ exposure and encouragement towards being computer inclined has necessitated the need to investigate the extent and contributions of personality traits on internet addictions among male and female adolescents separately. Using the expo-factor design, 300 adolescents (male = 165; female = 135) whose age ranges from 16 to 21 (Mean = 20.52; SD = 2.49) were selected from a State University in Nigeria. Administering the Big Five Inventory and Internet Addiction Test, 5 hypotheses were tested. The findings revealed that internet addiction decreases with increase in agreeableness (R2 = .16, β = -.40, p< .01) and conscientiousness (R2 = .19, β = -.21, p< .05) personality traits among male adolescents, while internet addiction decreases with increase in agreeableness (R2 = .16, β = -.40, p <.01) among female adolescents, but with less variance contributed compared to that of male. Both gender experienced internet addiction increasing with increase in neuroticism personality trait [male-(R2 = .27, β = .12, p> .05); female-(R2 = .20, β = .12, p> .05)], with more variance contributed by male compared to female adolescents. The society and concerned care giver should consider adolescents with these personality factors and provide the required support and control as regard utilization of the internet.
Parent-Child Communication and the Prevalence of Sexual Molestation among Adolescents
(Journal of Education, Society and Behavioural Science, 2019) Oke, Olubukola Abimbola
Sexual molestation is a complex life experience, not a disorder or diagnosis. The diversity of behaviours included in sexual abuse, along with differences in the age and gender of the child victim, the nature of the relationship between the child and the perpetrator or molesters or abusers, and the frequency and duration of the child abuse or child molestation. This study examined the prevalence and patterns of sexual molestation among adolescents’ students in Nigeria. Also investigated the influence of socio-demographic variables such as age, gender, and residential location on the prevalence of sexual molestation as well as their history with the aim of understanding how to resolve the problem associated with it. The Study design was Cross-sectional survey design. The University of Lagos, Akoka and Redeemer’s University Osun State, Southwestern Nigeria was the location of the study. The study population comprised of students in Redeemer’s University, Ede Osun-State and the University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos. The 200 questionnaires were distributed randomly among students. The data derived through the administered questionnaire was analyzed using frequency, percentage and t-test. Results showed that over 20% of adolescents have experienced sexual molestation of one or the other, of it was also discovered that male respondents have a higher experience of sexual molestation than female respondents among adolescents (t= 1.02, df = 198, P>0.05). A large number of parents have discussions concerning sexual molestation with their children. The study also revealed that there is a significant difference between adolescents who live with their parents and those who do not on the experience of sexual molestation (t= 2.42, df = 198, P<0.05). Adolescents in Nigeria in experience one form of sexual molestation or the other. It was therefore recommended that Parents should be informed that male children are also prone to be sexually molested, In addition, attention should be paid to close relatives as living in same residence with adolescents does not automatically prevent sexual molestation.
Parental Factors as Determinants of Conduct Disorder among In-School Adolescents in Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria
(Psychology, 2021) Akpunne, Bede
This study was carried out to observe the link between parental factors and Conduct Disorder (CD) among Nigerian school adolescents. A cross-sectional survey research design was adopted for the study where multi-stage sampling techniques led to selecting 1006 participants (mean age = 15.4 years) from six secondary schools in Ibadan, Oyo State, Southwestern Nigeria. Participants responded to Socioeconomic Status (SES) scale, the Parenting Styles Scale (PSS) and Frequency of Delinquent Behaviour Scaling Instrument (FDBSI). A high prevalence of CD was observed. We also observed that parenting styles significantly influenced conduct disorders. Responsive parenting is not a sig nificant predictor of CD, while control parenting significantly predicted CD. Parental occupation significantly influenced CD, with formal occupation types having higher mean scores for both fathers and mothers. Finally, there was a significant influence of socioeconomic status on conduct disorder among the participants. Findings concluded that there is a high prevalence of conduct disorder. Authoritarian and uninvolved parents with formal occupation and families with higher socioeconomic status were conduct disorder determinants among adolescents.
Parental Factors as Determinants of Conduct Disorder among In-School Adolescents in Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria
(Scientific Research Publishing (PSYCH), 2021) Akintola, Aderonke A.
This study was carried out to observe the link between parental factors and Conduct Disorder (CD) among Nigerian school adolescents. A cross-sectional survey research design was adopted for the study where multi-stage sampling techniques led to selecting 1006 participants (mean age = 15.4 years) from six secondary schools in Ibadan, Oyo State, Southwestern Nigeria. Participants responded to Socioeconomic Status (SES) scale, the Parenting Styles Scale (PSS) and Frequency of Delinquent Behaviour Scaling Instrument (FDBSI). A high prevalence of CD was observed. We also observed that parenting styles significantly influenced conduct disorders. Responsive parenting is not a significant predictor of CD, while control parenting significantly predicted CD. Parental occupation significantly influenced CD, with formal occupation types having higher mean scores for both fathers and mothers. Finally, there was a significant influence of socioeconomic status on conduct disorder among the participants. Findings concluded that there is a high prevalence of conduct disorder. Authoritarian and uninvolved parents with formal occupa tion and families with higher socioeconomic status were conduct disorder determinants among adolescents
Parental Styles, Self-Concept and Depressive Symptoms among Nigerian Adolescents
(International Journal of Arts and Social Science, 2020-06) Bello, Ibukunoluwa
Parental styles and negative self-concept are risk factors for depressive symptoms in children and adolescents. 305 secondary school students (x =15.47; SD = 1.44) in Ilesa, Osun State, Nigeria selected using multistage sampling technique responded to Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ), Children Depression Inventory (CDI), and Multidimensional Self-Concept Scale (MSCS). Findings reveals 2% prevalence of severe level of depressive symptoms as well as a significant negative relationship between depressive symptoms and father (r = -0.257; p < 0.05) and mother (r = -0.191; p < 0.05) authoritative parental styles. Also, children of single parents reported significantly higher depressive symptoms than those whose parents were living together(Mean difference = 3.06). The study identified significant negative relationships between self-regard dimension of self-concept (r = -.31, p <.01); social confidence (r = -.18, p <.01); school ability (r = -.22, p <.01); physical appearance (r = -.24, p <.01); physical abilities (r = -.17, p <.01) and depression among the students. This implies that the lower the global and specific dimensions of self-concept, the higher the depressive symptoms reported by the students. The study concludes that authoritative parental styles and negative self-concept influence the manifestations of depressive symptoms among secondary school students
Parental Styles, Self-Concept and Depressive Symptoms among Nigerian Adolescents
(International Journal of Arts and Social Science, 2020) Akpunne, Bede
Parental styles and negative self-concept are risk factors for depressive symptoms in children and adolescents. 305 secondary school students ( x =15.47; SD = 1.44) in Ilesa, Osun State, Nigeria selected using multistage sampling technique responded to Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ), Children Depression Inventory (CDI), and Multidimensional Self-Concept Scale (MSCS). Findings reveals 2% prevalence of severe level of depressive symptoms as well as a significant negative relationship between depressive symptoms and father (r = -0.257; p < 0.05) and mother (r = -0.191; p < 0.05) authoritative parental styles. Also, children of single parents reported significantly higher depressive symptoms than those whose parents were living together (Mean difference = 3.06). The study identified significant negative relationships between self-regard dimension of self-concept (r = -.31, p <.01); social confidence (r = -.18, p <.01); school ability (r = -.22, p <.01); physical appearance (r = -.24, p <.01); physical abilities (r = -.17, p <.01) and depression among the students. This implies that the lower the global and specific dimensions of self-concept, the higher the depressive symptoms reported by the students. The study concludes that authoritative parental styles and negative self-concept influence the manifestations of depressive symptoms among secondary school students.
Peer Victimization and Psychosocial Wellbeing of Nigerian Adolescents: Prevalence, Patterns and Associations
(EJHSS, 2020) Akpunne, Bede
Peer Victimization (PV) has increasingly been recognized as an imperative problem in schools across the globe. High prevalence rates of PV among school adolescents are reported in literature. Risk factors of PV include increased psychiatric disturbance, social maladjustment, and other internalizing problems. This study explores the prevalence of PV and describes its path to psychosocial wellbeing among Nigerian secondary school students. Cross sectional survey design, involving a purposive sampling technique was utilized to select 400 participants (Mean age =14.95) from four secondary schools in Osun State Southwestern Nigeria. Multidimensional Peer Victim ization Scale (MPVS) and Mental Health Continuum – Short Form (MHS-SF) were used for data collection. MPVS subscales jointly predicted Psychological Wellbeing (PWB), Emotional Wellbeing (EWB), and Social Wellbeing (SWB) among the participants
Peer Victimization, Social Maladjustment and Psychological Distress among Nigerian Adolescents
(Psychology, 2020) Akpunne, Bede
This study explored the links between Peer Victimization (PV), Psychological Distress (PD) and Social Maladjustment (SM) among Nigerian adolescents. A Multistage sampling technique was utilized to select 400 participants (Mean age =14.95) from four secondary schools in Osun State Southwestern Nigeria. Multidimensional Peer Victimization Scale (MPVS), Social Maladjustment Scale (SMS) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) were used for data collection. Prevalence of peer victimization, Psychological distress and social maladjustment is 46.5%; 47.7% and 44.0% respectively. Significant positive correlation exists between Verbal Victimization (VV), Social Manipulation (SoM), Multidimensional Peer Victimization (MPVS) and Social Maladjustment (SM). Significant positive correlation also exists between VV and Psychological Distress. MPVS subscales jointly predicted Psychological Distress and Social Maladjustment Scale (SMS).
Perceived Exposure to Family Violence as Factor Influencing Psychological and Social Health of Adolescents in Oyo State
(2019) Alo, Folake Sekinot
Domestic Violence is the intentional and persistent abuse of anyone in the home in a way that causes pain, distress or injury. It includes any abusive treatment of one family member by another, `hence violation of law of basic human rights. Incidents of domestic violence include honor battery, beating, torture, acid baths and even death through honor killing battering of intimate partner and others, sexual abuse of children, marital rape and traditional practices that are harmful to women such as female genital mutilation. This study examined the perceived influence of exposure to family violence on the psychological and social health of adolescents in Oyo State Nigeria. A total of 496 senior secondary school adolescents (Mean age =15.3; male 202, female 294) were purposively selected and responded to Child Expose to Domestic Violence scale (CEDV), Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. Prevalence of exposure to family violence was 29.6%, of which 10.2% were pathological; prevalence of mental distress was 43.5%, with 12.7% . being pathological and requiring clinical intervention. Significant positive correlation exists between family violence and psychological distress. Significant negative correlation was observed between exposure to family violence and Emotional Wellbeing (EWB), Social Wellbeing (SWB), Psychological Wellbeing (PWB) and psychosocial wellbeing. Statistically significant gender influence was observed on psychosocial wellbeing of participants. Family type does not significantly influence psychosocial wellbeing. No significant family type influence was observed on psychological distress.
Perceived Parental Factors Predicting Emotional Intelligence among In-School Nigerian Adolescents
(International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology, 2020-11) Akpunne, Bede
This study investigated the parental factors as predictors of Emotional Intelligence (EQ)among in school adolescents in Odeda Local Government, Ogun State Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey design was adopted. Participants consisted of two hundred students purposively selected from a senior and a junior secondary school (mean age 16.00± 2.01). These responded to Parenting Styles Scale (PSS), Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), and Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS). The results showed a high prevalence rate of low emotional intelligence. Authoritative parenting style (β = .26, p.05) and neglectful parenting style (β = -.01, p>.05) failed to significantly predict EQ. Parental bonding (Father and mother) reported a significant joint influence on EQ (R2 = 0.21, p< .05). Mother bonding (β = .22, p < .05) and father bonding (β = .28, p< .05) were observed as significant independent predictors of EQ. Significant sex influence (t (198) = - 12.66, p
Perceived Parenting Styles and Psycho-social Wellbeing of Nigerian Adolescents
(International Journal of Scientific Research and Management (IJSRM), 2020) Akpunne, Bede
The influence of parenting styles on the psychosocial wellbeing of Nigerian adolescents is yet to be given adequate research attention. This study bridges the gap in knowledge. Findings may be useful in planning appropriate interventions programme necessary to improve the psychosocial wellbeing of adolescents in Osun state, southwestern Nigeria and relation with similar social cultural background. Purposive sampling technique was used to select 332 (mean age = 14) in-school adolescents who responded to Mental Health Continuum – Short Form (MHS-SF) and Parenting Style Instrument (PSI). Descriptive and inferential statistics (Regression, Independent sample t test and One Way ANOVA) were used for data analysis. A low level of psychosocial wellbeing was observed among the adolescents. Prevalence of very low levels of emotional wellbeing (16.9%), social wellbeing (22%), and psychological wellbeing (19.3%) were reported. Patterns of observed parenting styles are authoritative parenting style (45.5%, 41.6%, and 12.9%), authoritarian parenting style (53%, 30.7% and 16.3%); permissive parenting style (64.2%, 20.7% and 15.1%) for low, high and very high levels respectively. No significant gender difference was observed in the psychosocial wellbeing scores of the adolescents; a significant religious affiliation difference was found in the social wellbeing of the participants. Adolescents from public schools manifested higher levels of social wellbeing than their counterparts from private schools. Parenting styles significantly predict level of psychosocial wellbeing of the adolescents. Neither family type nor family size had significant influence on level of psycho-social wellbeing of the adolescents
Predictive Influence of Internet Gaming Addiction on Severities of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder among Nigerian Adolescents
(International Journal of Progressive Sciences and Technologies (IJPSAT), 2020) Akpunne, Bede
Background: The predictive influence of gaming addiction on attention deficit hyperactive disorder among adolescents was examined in this study. Materials and Methods: A survey research design utilizing an ex-post facto design was used in a population sample of 338 adolescents purposively selected from a secondary school in Benin City, Edo state, Nigeria. The age range of the students was 10-19 years old, with mean ± standard deviation of 13.60 ±1.867 years. The 14 year olds (18.6%) were the highest population. Most were females (55.9%), while 44.1% were males, giving a male to female ratio of 1:1.27. All 338 students were administered the Game Addiction Questionnaire and the self-report ADHD scale. Result: The prevalence of Internet Gaming Addiction (IGA) was 51% while ADHD prevalence was 9%. There was a significant influence of gaming disorder on ADHD (R² = .122, p = .001), which indicated that gaming disorder explains a 12.2% variance in manifestation of ADHD symptoms. There was also a significant and positive correlation between age and severity of ADHD [Rxy = 0.133; p= 0.01], but there was no significant difference in the level of ADHD symptoms of the participants across sex, though females obtained higher mean scores than males. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of IGA and ADHD. Also, Internet Gaming Addiction is a significant predictor of the severities of ADHD among Nigerian adolescents. While sex does not significantly influence ADHD, age of the adolescents is significantly linked with its severities.
Psychoactive Substance and Psychopathological Symptoms among Nigerian Secondary Schools Adolescents
(International Neuropsychiatric Disease Journal, 2019) Akpunne, Bede
Aim: Abuse of psychoactive substances among secondary school adolescents is a huge problem globally. This study examined the influence of psychoactive substance use on psychopathological symptoms among secondary school adolescents in Ede, Osun State, Southwestern Nigeria. Study Design: Cross-sectional survey design. Place of Study: Redeemer’s University Ede Osun state, Southwestern Nigeria. Methodology: Four hundred and ninety-six (496) secondary school adolescents (mean age 15.7 years) were purposively selected from five secondary schools in Ede metropolis. Substance Abuse Inventory (SABI) and Awaritefe Psychological Index (API Form-X) were used for data collection. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. Four hypotheses were tested using a Regression Analysis, Pearson Product Moment Correlation and Independent Sample t-test and at 0.05% level of significance. Results: A high prevalence of psychopathological symptoms was observed among the participants. Psychoactive substance use was observed to jointly and significantly predict psychopathological symptoms (R² = .106, p = .001). Sex has significant influence on manifested psychopathological symptoms with female adolescents reporting higher mean scores on insomnia, intellect disorder, heat disorder, mood disorder, alimentary track disorder and general psychopathology. Age was observed to be inversely correlated with psychopathological symptoms. Significant difference was found between drug users and non-user on severities of psychopathological symptoms. Conclusions: This research finding indicates a high prevalence of psychopathological symptoms; that the use psychoactive substance is significantly linked the psychopathological symptoms and that age of involvement in psychoactive substance is also a significant risk factor for psychopathology among adolescents.

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