Department of Tourism Studies and Hospitality Management

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Browsing Department of Tourism Studies and Hospitality Management by Subject "Bitumen"

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    Abundance of Birds in Six Selected Habitats
    (2017) Adeleke, Bola Olusola
    Bird species world over are faced with the problem of habitat changes. Conservation of birds in fragments of habitats is increasingly important due to the diverse uses of the environment. To meet this challenge, predicting abundance of bird species in relation to specific vegetation taxa in the habitats is required .This study determined bird species abundance and their relationship with habitat variables of tree, shrub and herb abundance. Study conducted in the forested bitumen belt of Ode-Irele, Ondo state, Nigeria evaluated habitat use by birds using 20- minutes birds point count to a radius of 30 meters, carried out in six selected habitats. The vegetation cover was sampled using 5x5-meters and 1m2quadrants. Data collected were subjected to t-test of independent variables with LSD in ANOVA for birds’ use of habitats and linear regression for the dependence of birds’ abundance on habitats’ variables.88 bird species belonging to 31 families were associated with the study area. The abundance of birds was significantly affected by habitat types (P<0.05) and predicted by habitat variables. The study would assist decision makers in the management and conservation of habitats’ variables critical to the survival of bird species during the bitumen development phase.
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    Bitumen Seepage: Impact and Interaction on Heavy Metal Concentrations in Surface Water
    (2019) Adeleke, Bola Olusola
    The association and interaction among metals in bitumen polluted water may affect the availability of the metals even at toxic levels to the surrounding environment and biota that are dependent on such water. The study was carried out at Ode-Irele in Ondo State bitumen belt, Southwest of Nigeria, where there are bitumen seepages, and Ebute-Irele where there are no records of seepages served as control. Composite samples of surface water were collected to a depth of 30cm midstream on the sites. Heavy metals – Manganese, Iron, copper, zinc, lead, chromium, cadmium, nickel, vanadium, arsenic, calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium were determined using standard methods. Data on metals’ concentrations were analyzed using descriptive statistics and t-test at p < 0.05. The associations that exist among metals of surface water were analysed using regressive correlation to determine which metal increased or decreased with rise and fall in the level of other metals. Values obtained were compared with Federal Environmental Protection (FEPA) and World Health Organisation (WHO) Guidelines. Results of the study revealed that nickel, calcium, magnesium, and sodium were higher in seepage site than that of control, but, nickel was significantly higher in surface water of seepage site, 0.40 ± 0.00mgL-1 than that of control, 0.30 ± 0.00mgL-1. Manganese, iron, copper, zinc, chromium, cadmium, nickel, vanadium, and arsenic, as well as calcium were higher than guideline levels. Nickel, iron, manganese, vanadium, calcium and sodium which are elemental components of bitumen could pose serious environmental problems. There were significant positive associations between iron and copper, manganese and vanadium, iron and sodium, calcium and magnesium, as well as between magnesium and sodium. The finding also revealed significant negative association between lead and zinc. The heavy metals in surface water that were higher in seepage site and higher than guideline values in Ondo State bitumen belt and especially those that are elemental components of bitumen could have toxic effects on the environment, and so they should be closely monitored during the bitumen development phase.
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    The Impact of Land Fragmentation on Flora and Fauna Species of Ondo state Bitumen Belt
    (Nigeria Chapter of Society for Conservation Biology, 2020-10-27) Ogunsusi, Kayode
    The effects of random clearing of land and consequent impact on habitat fragmentation through human activity such as Bitumen mining could have profound impacts on flora and fauna resources. The study was carried out at Ode-Irele bitumen belt in Ondo State, Southwest of Nigeria to find the effects of land fragmentation and habitat loss on fauna resources. Biotic indicators for each of the following assemblages of trees, shrubs, herbs, and fauna were selected on the basis of their occurrence in 50% of the habitats sampled. Life table format was used to describe the mortality schedule of the biotic assemblage of trees on fauna resources. Findings of the study proved that as tree cover declines, there was increased rate of fauna decline and mortality. The results also indicated that there were 14 tree plant species, 27 shrub species, 18 herb species, and 12 fauna species of the study area which were identified as key ecological indicators. The ecological spread of the key indicators in terms of flora and fauna will likely make them to be more vulnerable to removal and destruction during bitumen mining which inadvertently will decrease the stability and ecological integrity of the ecosystem. Nonetheless, the ecological key indicators can be exploited as key approaches for biodiversity conservation and monitoring.