Browsing by Author "Irinyemi, Ademola"

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    AN ASSESSMENT OF CARGO HANDLING IN NIGERIAN SEAPORTS (A CASE STUDY OF APAPA SEAPORT IN LAGOS)
    (2024-06) Irinyemi, Ademola
    Cargo handling operations are critical to port efficiency. Optimal utilization of cargo handling capacity is a challenge facing most ports in Nigeria and this has had an adverse effect on port operation (i.e. ship and cargo operation). This paper assessed the extent of utilization of cargo handling facilities and infrastructure performance in Nigerian ports. It applied the UNCTAD’s model of indicators of port facility service and utilization to examine usage of facilities & infrastructure as well as significant constraining factors in six ports namely: Apapa, Tincan, Rivers, Onne, Delta and Calabar ports. The secondary data for the study comprised cargo and vessel throughputs handled in the ports, number of facilities & infrastructure and berth performance measures for the period between years 2006 and 2017. These were augmented with primary data on factors affecting port facility utilization obtained through copies questionnaires administered to a random sample of port users. Our Empirical findings using statistical models showed that on the average, vessels that called for service in the ports spent one and half day before being allocated to berths; spent four days (4) at berth and a total of six (6) days at the port before sailing outwards. In terms of berth utilization for all ports, we found that berths were on average, fourty-eight percent (48%) occupied during the study period. When disaggregated by respective ports, berth vacancy rates were higher in Delta ports and Calabar ports in comparison to others; while Apapa, Rivers and Tincan ports had comparatively higher berth occupancy rates. According to the respondents, significant impeding factors to port facility utilization and performance were: obsolete plant & equipment, inadequate number of cargo handling equipment, delays in cargo handling procedures and low investments in cargo handling facilities by the terminal operators. Policy implications of the findings were discussed.
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    AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE IMPACT OF EFFECTIVE SHIPPING POLICY INSTRUMENT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NIGERIA MARITIME INDUSTRY
    (African Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 2018-12-21) Irinyemi, Ademola
    The Nigeria’s shipping sector is estimated to be capable of generating above 5trillion naira annually but the sector has been totally neglected. To make the sector effective and harness revenue from this sector, there will be an overhaul of policy, institutional, regulatory and legal framework. This study therefore, empirically investigates the impact of an effective shipping policy instrument on the development of the Maritime sector in Nigeria. Data were collated in Lagos, Nigeria through a structured questionnaires administered to stakeholders of the maritime sector in Nigeria. The method of analysis used in the study is a simple non-parametric (chi-square test) statistical method. From the method of analysis, the study found out that an effective shipping policy affect the development of the maritime sector in Nigeria. The study therefore recommends the enactment of a new national shipping policy to effectively support the Nigeria’s shipping policy dates back to 1987 when the Nigerian shipping policy act no.10 of 1987 was enacted following Nigeria ratification of the United Nations Code on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) so as to make shipping policy instruments have an impact on the development of the Maritime sector in Nigeria, which will invariably aid Nigeria economic growth.
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    AN EXAMINATION OF ADMIRALTY JURISDICTION AND ENFORCEMENT OF MARITIME CLAIMS IN NIGERIA
    (2018) Irinyemi, Ademola; ADEPOJU ADEBIYI ANTHONY
    Many goods in admiralty actions have lost in time past, this is as a result in failure to take the right steps by the parties involved, for instance, failure to arrest a ship or cargo or freight (as a pre-trial and pre-judgement security for a successful action in enforcement of maritime claims because of ignorance on the part or the failure of counsel to realize the essence, implications and the roles of an action in ‘Rem’ in maritime claims and the difference between an action in ‘Rem’ and an action in ‘Personam’ or generally, enforcing the claims of litigants in admiralty matters, thus in Anchor Ltd. V. The Owners of the Ship Eleni, (1907–1979) INSC 42. The procedure taken out for the arrest of a ship was held not to be open to the plaintiff since the action proceeded in ‘personam’ and judgement was obtained against the defendant personally. However, this paper trace the history and origin of admiralty jurisdiction, classes of claims, distinguishes proprietary maritime claims from general maritime claims, actionable claims in maritime business, impact of Section 1 (i) (g) of Admiralty Jurisdiction Act 1991, Section 230, 1979 Constitution and Sections 249 – 252, 270 – 272 of Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 1999 (As amended) and Courts with jurisdiction in admiralty matters. The paper concludes with improvements which the concerned authorities need to make on admiralty business in Nigeria and recommends to the appropriate authority ways in which maritime business through court intervention can move to higher level. Key words: admiralty, jurisdiction, enforcement, maritime, claims, Nigeria
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    ASSESSING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MARITIME SECURITY AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA: A CASE STUDY OF SIFAX SHIPPING COMPANY
    (WEST AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT SCIENCES, 2024-06) Irinyemi, Ademola
    This research explores the intricate relationship between maritime security and economic growth in Nigeria, focusing on SIFAX Shipping Company. The study aims to uncover how maritime security challenges impact operational efficiency and economic activities within Nigeria' shipping and logistics sector, utilizing both quantitative and qualitative data. Survey data from SIFAX employees and other stakeholders, supplemented by secondary data from industry reports, formed the basis of the analysis. Findings indicate a weak negative correlation between concerns about maritime security threats and organizational response effectiveness (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.1655), suggesting that increased security concerns are associated with decreased perceptions of organizational effectiveness. A t-test revealed no statistically significant difference between perceptions of maritime security’s impact on trade efficiency and economic growth (t = -1.2402, p = 0.2179), indicating a nuanced relationship. Regression analysis suggests that perceived improvements in security measures could positively influence broader economic outcomes over time (Regression coefficients: const = 3.2033, Q9 = -0.1951). The study underscores the need for enhanced security measures to mitigate operational disruptions and improve efficiency. It highlights the importance of continuous investment in robust security frameworks and strategic collaboration among government agencies, private sector stakeholders, and international partners. Recommendations include establishing an integrated security framework, investing in technological infrastructure, implementing comprehensive training programs, enforcing regulatory reforms, and fostering public-private partnerships. Despite limitations such as sample size and geographical focus, the findings provide valuable insights for strengthening Nigeria's maritime security landscape and supporting sustainable economic development. The study concludes with suggestions for further research, advocating for longitudinal studies, sectoral analyses, and comparative assessments to deepen understanding of the complex interplay between maritime security and economic growth.
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    ASSESSING THE ROLE OF IMO IN MARITIME POLICY FORMULATION AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MARITIME INDUSTRY (A CASE STUDY OF NIGERIA MARITIME ADMINISTRATION AND SAFETY AGENCY [NIMASA])
    (JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT AND CORPORATE SUSTAINABILITY, 2024-06) Irinyemi, Ademola
    Seafaring has always been one of the world's most dangerous occupations. The unpredictability of the weather and the vast power of the sea itself seemed so great that for centuries it was assumed that little could be done to make shipping safer. In response to major disasters, states moved towards internationalization of the law, first by the harmonization of local regulations, through bilateral treaties, agreements or understandings among the leading maritime nations. Some organizations operated for a time and then vanished or were absorbed, others were transitory to meet the exigencies of war. Next, nations held international conferences in order to set up universal rules and finally, intergovernmental organizations took over in order to encourage the adoption of international instruments to regulate safety at sea and prevention of pollution from ships. A Conference convened by the United Nations in Geneva in 1948 ended on 6 March with the successful adoption of the Convention on the Inter-Governmental Maritime Consultative Organization (IMCO). The Organization changed its name to International Maritime Organization (IMO) in May 1982. IMO was born into a world weary from war and in which the old colonial powers still held sway in terms of global prosperity and trade. As a consequence, these were also major powers in shipping and, as the leading maritime nations, they tended to create their own standards with regard to vessel construction, safety, manning and so on. But, in 1948, a new spirit of global unity was in the air and the first glimpses of a new world order on the horizon combined to cause a number of far-sighted nations to draw up the blueprint for an international organization that would develop standards for shipping - for adoption and universal implementation throughout the entire industry.
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    ASSESSMENT OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING PROGRAM ON OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE AMONG FREIGHT FORWARDERS IN LAGOS PORTS, NIGERIA
    (Nigerian Institue of Transport Technologu (NITT), 2023) Irinyemi, Ademola
    This research investigated the confluence between the utilization of the maritime education training (MET) program by the International Federation of Freight Forwarders Associations (FIATA) for freight forwarders and the achievement of improved operational performance among freight forwarders in Lagos port. The study equally filled a gap on how socioeconomic situations (SES) of freight forwarders predicted their attitudinal dispositions toward the training program. Theories of Knowledge Management and Experiential Learning are used in the derivation of the study’s hypotheses. 181 freight forwarders who were randomly sampled participated in the study. The result showed that the respondents do not believe that going through the FIATA-organized training significantly improved their operational performance. On the other hand, SES variables of age, work experience, and literacy significantly predicted freight forwarders' attitudinal dispositions to the training program. Suggestions that border on the alignment of the existing curriculum of the program to reflect local challenges associated with the profession are made. In a similar vein, the introduction of MET into secondary schools and university curricula to attract young minds into the profession is suggested.
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    An Empirical Analysis of Pre and Post Initial Public Offering (IPO) Performance
    (International Journal of Current Research, 2016-05-17) Irinyemi, Ademola
    This study investigates the impact of pre and post Initial Public Offering (IPO) Performance on selected firms. The data analysis ranges from 1 to 300 observations within a model specification framework on a Multivariate methodology. Two models were formulated to carry out the analysis on an Eview7 statistical package. The objective was to find out the position of the selected firms before and after IPO has been initiated and do a comparative analysis. From the analysis, Model two was seen as the best model to carry out a research of this nature because the independent variables such as age of company, total asset, ownership concentration, CEO stockholdings, average return on capital employed and the industry in which the company operates are regarded as the factors that influences IPO performance. The result shows that all the variables are positive showing a direct relation with IPOR. The coefficient of determination shows 52.9% indicating that the model is good fit and the Fstatistics of 54.8558 shows that all the variables in the model are statistically significant. However, the Durbin Watson statistics shows the presence of positive serial correlation. The study therefore recommend that firms should uphold the principles of good corporate governance and also ensure they disclose relevant information to the public in terms of CEO stockholdings in the company so as to build public confidence and to create and maintain good business imag
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    An Empirical Analysis of the Impact of Private Port Operators in International Trade Development
    (University of PortHarcourt, 2017-12-15) Irinyemi, Ademola
    This study is to empirically investigate the impacts of private port operators in facilitating international trade in a developing economy as it is noted that no nation can achieve economic prosperity in isolation. The objective is to empirically analyze the contribution of private port operators on international trade using proxied variables on a simple linear regression analysis. The study shows that private port operators is statistically significant to international trade as international trade aids economic growth and development. The coefficient of determination is however high indicating that the linear mode is a good fit and that the independent variable which is private port operators are explained by the dependent variable. The study found out that the activities of private port operators has significantly improved the process of cargo handling and transshipment of goods over international waters in a developing nations
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    ENHANCING TRANSPORT SERVICE QUALITY AND CUSTOMER SATISFACTION IN LAGOS METROPOLIS: A STUDY OF LAGOS MAINLAND
    (Journal of Finance, Governance and Strategic Studies, 2024-06) Irinyemi, Ademola
    This study investigates the relationship between transport service quality and customer satisfaction in Lagos Mainland, a growing economy in Nigeria. A population of 720 commuters and transport workers was surveyed, and data from 60 commuters and 60 transport-related workers were analyzed using mean statistics, standard deviation, and t-test. The findings highlight issues such as inadequate quality conformity in passenger vehicles, unprofessional conduct among bus operators, high and unjustifiable fares, and the need for a comprehensive policy to regulate transport fares. Recommendations include the involvement of professional bodies in transport studies, collaborative efforts among stakeholders, and the enforcement of appropriate laws to ensure passenger safety, conformity with global standards, and improved service quality.
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    Freight Safety in Freight Forwarding Business in Nigeria: The Challenges and Preventive Measure
    (Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology, 2019) Irinyemi, Ademola
    Over the years, water transportation has been a major way of carrying over 90 percent of the physical carriage of Nigeria’s external trade . “The reason behind this overwhelming dominance of water transportation, compared with others can be seen in over congestion of most of our sea ports in Nigeria, even in other countries of the world, can be seen in the over congestion of most of our sea ports in Nigeria.”However, the issue of safety and security in the maritime industry is a serious and complex one. The economic losses arising from security lapse in most of our ports in Nigeria have become unacceptable in today’s commercial climate. The most noticeable distruptions in our present day commercial climate arein the form of kidnapping, terrorism, theft of valuable cargoes, politically motivated crimes. In maritime business world, the undisputed facts are that, loss prevention mechanism which include security, safety, fire and risk management are top priority concerns. This paper has however attempted to analyze the contributing factors to insecurity in most of our seaports in Nigeria. And how insecurity in Nigeria sea can be curtailed or eradicated with the enabling laws governing the usage, management and control of the Nigeria sea ports.
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    GOVERNMENTPOLICYANDTRANSPORTWORKERS’INVOLVEMENTINHEAVY VEHICLES’ CRASH REDUCTION IN LAGOS STATE
    (AFRICAN JOURNAL OFMANAGEMENT,BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION &ENTREPRENEURSHIP, 2024-06) Irinyemi, Ademola
    This study focused on the relevance of government policy and transport workers’ occupational attitudes in reducing the rate of heavy goods vehicle crashes in Lagos, Nigeria. Descriptive research design was used, where the researcher developed survey instruments to collect data from 68 respondents drawn from different locations and bases in Lagos using purposive sampling technique. Statistical mean and standard deviation were used for the three research questions raised for this study. Analysis in the research questions revealed that there were policy inconsistencies on the part of the custodians of formulation, enforcement and management, operators’ indifference to safety issues and inadequacy of transport infrastructure provision. Based on these revelations, it was recommended among others that government should make the enabling policy that could lead to a solid part of National Transport Policy, and domesticated in the various parts of the country as necessary, training and enlightenment of drivers and transport-related workers should be made compulsory, constant and relevant for operational and socio-economic safety, while necessary facilities should be provided to give potent drive to the National policy so made.
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    INLAND WATER WAY TRANSPORTATION AS SAFETY AND ECONOMIC INTERVENTION PROJECT IN LAGOS
    (2024-06) Irinyemi, Ademola
    This study investigated the Lagos Inland Water Transportation from its perspectives as both safety and economic intervention project. The study objectives were availability, extent of use, safety and economic viability of this mode of transportation. The study made use of descriptive research design where both primary and secondary data were utilized. The researcher developed the study instruments to collect primary data from study respondents. Population for the study was 1400 respondents working in the inland water/maritime sub-sectors. Sample for the study was 140 respondents determined through the use of Yaro-Yemeni formular to reduce sampling error to the barest minimum. Statistical mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions. From the analysed data, it was revealed that there were unresolved issues about policy, investment, safety, economic viability among others. Based on these revelations, it was recommended that both Lagos State and the Federal governments should close ranks, work together to formulate and enforce quality policy, public/private investment synergy should be embraced, operators should take issues of safety more serious while being aware of need to make the sector viable and motivating, seeing its capital-intensive nature as both a challenge and an actuator
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    Intermodal Transportation System in an Evolving Economy
    (2018) Irinyemi, Ademola
    In spite of the fact that Nigeria is variously endowed with natural resources for multi-modal transport system operation, majority of the people use pre dominantly only one mode of transport (road) in situations where integration of the different modes will bring flexibility, safety (of persons, infrastructure, goods and environment), efficiency, effectiveness and conducive economic competition. The inability to fully and reasonably integrate the various modes of transport does also brought increase in mobility problems, such as traffic congestion, environmental pollution, preventable accidents, and untimely damage to roads, criminal inclination, incessantly increase in operational cost. This paper discusses the necessity and importance of integrated transport system in an inter – modal (multi modal) arrangement which primarily involves road, rail, air and sea (inland waterway). An intermodal co-ordination which focuses mainly on public transport system based on public/private participation will also be discussed within the purview and space of this paper. Methodology employed in the study involve primary and secondary data, primary data in form of personal interviews conducted and observation while secondary data are deduced from previous publications like academic journals, research papers, newspapers, public/private agencies and others.
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    Post COVID-19 and Naira Redesign in Nigeria: Implications for E-banking Service Quality Attributes and Outcomes
    (International Journal of Academic and Applied Research (IJAAR), 2023-04) Irinyemi, Ademola
    The COVID-19 pandemic of 2020 and the recent naira redesign policy in Nigeria have brought about several challenges to banks. One of the challenges is the quality of e-banking services, which has been critical for bank customers. The purpose of the study is to ascertain the e-service quality attributes that affect perceived e-banking quality and examine the relationships between e-banking perceived quality, perceived e-value, e-satisfaction and e-loyalty from e-banking users perspectives. The study adopted a cross-sectional research design and a quantitative approach. The researchers collected the data using a standardized questionnaire. A total of 384 questionnaires were administered via Google Form to e-banking users in Osun State, Nigeria, however, 171 responded to the survey. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling. The findings revealed that convenience, security, personalization and responsiveness best explain perceived e-banking quality. The results further indicated that the outcome categories (perceived e-value, e-satisfaction and e-loyalty) have strong associations with perceived e-banking quality. The route coefficient between perceived e-value and e-satisfaction, as well as e-satisfaction and e-loyalty, were significant. The study's findings will provide a framework for bank executives to evaluate their e-banking performance and identify areas of e-service delivery that they need to work on to improve customer perceptions of e-banking quality, e-value, e-satisfaction, and e-loyalty.
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    THE FIRM'S LOCATION IN RELATION TO THE SEAPORT AS A KEYFACTOR IN ENHANCING FIRM PERFORMANCE IN THE MANUFACTURING SUPPLY CHAIN
    (Journal of Economics and Allied Research, 2023-09) Irinyemi, Ademola
    In the context of the global supply chain management, port-hinterland transport is viewed as one stage in the logistics chain from origin to destination. This stage covers between 40 and 80% of the total cost of shipping containers internationally.Therefore, for Nigerian manufacturers looking to enhance their supply chains, improving port-hinterland transport operations may be an effective approach. However, the literature is unclear regarding the importance of hinterland locations in enhancing firm performance. This study investigates how the location of import-dependent firms in relation to seaports affects their profits in Lagos and Ogun States, Nigeria. The population of the study consists of 10 publicly listed manufacturing firms that frequently import goods in containers through the seaports in Lagos and have been continuously listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) list for more than ten years (2010-2019). A structured questionnaire was employed in collecting primary data for the study. Only 6 of the ten firms filled and returned the questionnaires. This number accounts for 60%of the sample size.The results of the regression analysis show that the hinterland location has a strong positive relationship (r=0.731) with the profits of industrial products firms and that it explains around 53.4% (r2=0.534) of the variation in the profits of these firms. In order to transport goods between ports and industries efficiently, firms must look for strategic locations with access to cost-effective means of transportation such as rail and inland waterways. Similar to this, firms mustunderstand how to prioritize their strategy in order to prevent the impact of rising port-hinterland transport costs on their revenue and profit.
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    THE IMPACT OF HEALTH INSURANCE ON EMPLOYEES PRODUCTIVITY IN AN ORGANIZATION IN KWARA STATE, NIGERIA
    (International Journal of Current Research, 2016-05-20) Irinyemi, Ademola
    This study assessed the impact of health insurance on employees productivity, using Nigerian Bottling Company Plc. as the case study. The study based its analysis on the premise of risk and uncertainty are the major elements of care. The study makes use of primary data that was sourced through a well-structured questionnaire. A total of one hundred and four questionnaires (104) were administered to the selected sample from a population of (208). The person product moment correlation coefficient was adopted for the data analysis. This study concludes that there is a significant relationship between health insurance and employee's productivity. (r= .743**, N=104, p< .01) as revealed by the result of the analysis; there exists a negative relationship between risk and uncertainty and health insurance demand. Also there exists a strong positive relationship between product accessibility and health insurance demand. It was recommended, based on the conclusion of the findings, that every individual in an organization must have a defined and accessible health insurance scheme. This is expected to alleviate the problem of risk and uncertainty that is associated with heath care delivery.
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    The Impact of Risk Management on the Profitability of Insurance Companies in Nigeria
    (2017) Irinyemi, Ademola; A. O. OWOLABI; F. A. OLOYEDE; A. T. AKINOLA
    Risk management should be at the core of all insurance companies‟ operations by integrating risk management practices into processes, systems and culture of the entire organization. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of risk management on the profitability of insurance company. The study‟s specific objectives were: To study the extent insurance companies adopted risk management practices; “to examine the effect of risk management on the profitability of insurance companies”; “to critically determine challenges mitigating risk management practices in insurance firms” and “to study the extent insurance companies adopted risk management practices”. The research adopted a descriptive survey design. A total of 60 respondents who were selected through simple random sampling techniques participated in the study. Null hypotheses were tested using Simple Linear Regression, and Pearson Correlation coefficient, with Statistical Analysis System (SAS 9.2). Findings revealed that the financial risk management practices have
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    THE IMPACT OF TRAFFIC CONGESTION ON SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE (A CASE STUDY OF BISWAL COMPANY LIMITED, KANO STATE)
    (2024-06) Irinyemi, Ademola
    This research investigated the impact of traffic congestion on supply chain performance. The primary purpose of the study is to examine the effect of road traffic congestion on the supply chain performance of Biswal Company Limited. Specifically, the study evaluated the causes of road traffic, assessed the effect of road traffic on supply chain performance, examined the effect of road traffic on customer service and assessed the effect of road traffic on productivity. The study adopted a case study survey research design. Findings from this study reveal that the correlation between road traffic congestion and supply chain performance is significant (r = 0.567), indicating a robust linear relationship. The R-squared value of 0.147 suggests that 14.7% of the variation in road traffic congestion can be explained by supply chain performance. The results indicated that road traffic congestion affected supply chain performance positively and significantly (F = 8.465, p = 0.005). There is also a significant correlation between the proxies. Based on these results, appropriate recommendations were made. Keywords: Customer Service, Productivity, Supply chain performance, Traffic Congestion.