Department of Physical Sciences

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Browsing Department of Physical Sciences by Author "Osinowo, Muritala"

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    Development of a Low-Cost Pyrometer using Locally Sourced Materials
    (International Journal for Scientific Research & Development, 2019) Osinowo, Muritala
    Measurement of solar irradiance in-situ was very scanty in this part the world most research estimate using atmospheric weather parameter. In this work a low-cost pyranometer using locally sourced materials was developed. Instrument or device consists of photodiode (BPW34) housed inside 40 with bulb that is perfectly seal, solar irradiance sensor amplifier, 16-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADS1115), arduino mega2560, and liquid crystal display (LCD) and microSD card shield. The design amplifier has offsetting voltage of 0.8676 mV. The sensitivity of solar irradiance was amplifier 868.19 Wm-2V-1 with correct factor 27.77 Wm-2. The output range of developed instrument is between 0.1 mV to 1.4 V with maximum 1200 Wm-2. The possible error of the instrument is 9.67%. The result obtained when compared SRS100 pyranometer is 0.89. The result obtained from collected data shows that from 8.15 to 16.00, local time, the response was very good with little difference at early hour of day around up to 8.30 am and around 4.30 pm downward.
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    Development of a Low-Cost Soil Heat Flux and Temperature Profile with Logger
    (International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research and Engineering, 2019-07-26) Osinowo, Muritala
    Variation of soil temperature and soil heat flux measurements from a locally fabricated and calibrated device were analyzed and compared with a standard device. The soil heat flux consists of two-disc aluminum plates, dielectric material and two thermocouples such that each thermocouple was sandwiched between the aluminum plates and one side of the dielectric material. The sizes of the aluminum plates and the dielectric material were 32 mm in diameter and their thickness is 2.5 mm. Differential temperature between two thermocouples attached to two aluminum plates separated by a thermal insulator was used to measure the soil heat flux values. The thermocouples amplifier module AD8495 and then combined with a 16-bit Analog to Digital Converter (ADS1115) for a good measurement resolution was employed for the signal conditioning. A semiconductor sensor DS18B20 was used to measure the soil temperature. The microSD shield was included for storing data and DS3232, a Real Time Clock (RTC) module for timekeeping. Arduino mega 2560 microcontroller was used to coordinate the whole active and display the activities on LCD. The soil heat flux sensor was calibrated using the principle of thermal conduction over the surface area by heating with a known heat source. The thermal conductivity of heat flux is given by 3.3407 (WV-1m-1) from the empirical deduction. The temperature sensing unit was checked for accuracy by inserting it inside a calorimeter with the mercury-in-glass thermometer and the correlation obtained was 0.92. The soil heat flux and temperature sensing unit were compared with that of standard Campbell device. The correlation obtained for soil heat flux and temperature were 0.89 and 0.95 respectively. The result obtained when installed at the Redeemer’s University, Ede, Nigeria, the variation of soil heat flux and temperature when placed at the same level of 10 cm into the soil gave the same value. The maximum peak of heat flux density usually occurs at about 13:00 pm to 15:00 pm with values around 260 W/m2 at 10 cm. The logging interval can be preset to any rate from 30 seconds and above.
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    Development of an Electronic Load IV Curve Tracer to Investigate the Impact of Harmattan Aerosol Loading on PV Module Pern2tkformance in Southwest Nigeria
    (Solar Energy, 2018-05-05) Osinowo, Muritala
    This study investigates the impact of the seasonal Harmattan aerosol loading on PV module efficiency at a station in Southwest Nigeria. To this end, a simple, open-source, cost effective electronic load I-V curve tracer was developed to compare the I-V characteristics of a pair of horizontally positioned 80W monocrystalline modules for the duration of the Harmattan period. The control module was regularly cleaned manually and the other module left to accumulate the Harmattan dust deposits. In order to obtain the modules’ characteristic parameters, an Arduino-based pulse width modulation (pwm) duty cycle was implemented to vary simultaneously, the gate-source voltages, VGS, of two power metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) acting as fast variable loads for the modules. Experimental results acquired from the prototype circuit demonstrate that this method provides a more accurate approach and faster response than the resistive load tracer method. The prototype instrument was able to measure and reproduce characteristic curves that are obtainable from the more expensive branded products. Resulting curves depict reduction in the short circuit current, ISC, the current at maximum power, IMP, the power output, PMP and the efficiency, η of the dusty module by more than 18% in comparison with the control module over the measurement period.
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    Entropy Generation Analysis for Variable Viscous Couple Stress Fluid Flow through a Channel with Non-Uniform Wall Temperature
    (Elsevier, 2016) Osinowo, Muritala
    This article addresses the influence of couple stresses in minimizing of entropy generation rate associated with heat transfer irreversibility in the steady flow of a variable viscous fluid through a channel with a non-uniform wall temperature. The flow is induced by a constant axial pressure gradient applied in the flow direction. It is assumed that the fluid viscosity varies linearly with temperature. Analytical expressions for the dimensionless equations governing the fluid velocity and temperature are derived and used to obtain expressions for volumetric entropy generation numbers, irreversibility distribution ratio and the Bejan number in the flow field. Plots for different pertinent parameters entering the velocity and temperature fields are displayed and discussed.
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    Preliminary Results of Measurements Obtained from a Low-Cost Arduino-Based Surface Weather Data Acquisition System for Radio Meteorology
    (Journal of Physics: Conference Series. IOP Publishing, 2021) Osinowo, Muritala
    Surface weather monitoring is crucial for radio meteorology, agricultural, communication, and industrial processes. However, there is a dearth of weather data in Ede, Osun State, Nigeria (Lat 7.736º N, Lon 4.435º E). The proposed weather monitoring system used the Arduino Mega2560 microcontroller to measure, record and display the atmospheric parameters. Analog sensors for pressure, temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed were interfaced with the microcontroller through an ADC for digital signal conversion and data logging. An LCD connected to the microcontroller displays the measured parameters. The weather data were stored in excel format on a microSD card. The data were compared with that of a nearby weather station. The plots showed a close agreement with the data collected from the nearby station. The system eliminates the need for extra cost baud rate and expensive thirdparty software for interfacing. Besides, there is no need for an internet connection for configuration. Hence, this data acquisition system (DAS) could be a better choice in cost and maintenance than the off-the-shelf weather stations. The DAS was programmed to derive the surface radio refractivity from the meteorological parameters and the corresponding radio refractivity gradients over Ede.