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Zinc antioxidant properties, cortisol and triiodothyronine modulation prevent oxidative stress caused by copper and lead in prepubertal male Wistar rats.
(Research Journal of Health Sciences, 2025) Olaosun Oluwadamilare Solomon
Objective: This study assessed the potentials of zinc on serum antioxidant and oxidative markers in prepubertal male Wistar rats exposed to copper and lead. Methodology: Thirty-six prepubertal male Wistar rats were randomized into six groups (n=6): tap water (control), Zinc chloride (Zn), copper II sulphate (Cu), lead acetate (Pb), Zn + Cu, and Zn + Pb respectively. Serum antioxidants, oxidant markers, cortisol, and triiodothyronine levels were evaluated. Results: Exposure to Cu and Pb decreased (p<0.05) catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione, glutathione-S-transferase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities, total sulfhydryl, total antioxidant capacity, and triiodothyronine levels while significant increases were observed in myeloperoxidase activity, malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, total oxidant capacity, and cortisol levels. Co-administration of Zn with Cu and Pb respectively significantly reverse reduced serum antioxidants and increased oxidative markers. Conclusion: The zinc supplementation prevents oxidative stress in prepubertal male Wistar rats exposed to high levels of copper and lead in drinking water via its antioxidant properties and modulation of cortisol and triiodothyronine.
Comparative therapeutic role of ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol and riboflavin in mitigating hepatotoxicity induced by drugs and chemical toxins – a review
(European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 2025-09) Omotoso, Dayo
Introduction and aim. The liver plays a central role in the metabolism of drugs, xenobiotics, and nutrients, making it highly susceptible to exposure to toxicity due to drugs and chemical toxins (DCT). DCT-induced hepatotoxicity (DIH), remains one of the most common causes of acute liver failure, and potential therapeutic agents such as ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol and riboflavin have been explored to mitigate DIH. This review summarizes the current knowledge in the experimental model. Material and methods. This review was based in publications available on scientific databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. After the abstract evaluation, the relevant articles were selected for further analysis. Analysis of the literature. The vital role of oxidative stress and inflammation in mediating DIH has been demonstrated. Hence, the most effective therapeutic intervention includes agents that exhibit potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties such as ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol and riboflavin. Conclusion. The comparative therapeutic role of ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol and riboflavin against DIH involves the reparation of hepatic histomorphological impairments and modulation of biochemical and molecular alterations that characterized the onset and progression of DIH.
Omega-3 fatty acids prevented codeine-induced kidney damage by increasing antioxidant activity, reducing inflammation, and inhibiting apoptosis.
(2024) Oke Deborah Adeola
Background: The abuse of drugs including codeine has been increasingly documented among women. Furthermore, the misuse of codeine has been associated with deleterious effect on organ including the kidney.Omega-3 fatty acid has shown antioxidant function and benefits for preventing organ damage, nevertheless, there are limited studies to show its effect on codeineinduced renal dysfunction on female wistar rats. Objectives: The current study therefore investigated the effect of omega-3 fatty acid on codeine induced renal dysfunction in female wistar rats. Materials and methods: twenty female Wistar rats ranging between 160- 180 g were randomized into four groups (n=5/group): Group 1 [Control (0.5 mL)]; Group 2 [Codeine (10 mg/kg BW)]; Group 3 [Omega-3 fatty acid(300 mg/kg BW)] and Group 4 [Codeine (10 mg/kg BW) and Omega-3 fatty acid (300 mg/kg BW )] respectively. Administrations (via oral) was done for eight weeks (56 days). Results: Data reveals that codeine administration resulted in significant increase of urea, creatinine, serum electrolytes( Na+ ,𝐻𝐶𝑂3 − ), oxidative stress, injury markers, kidney indices, inflammatory markers, apoptotic markers thereby causing decrease in renal blood flow, increase hydrostatic pressure, hypertension, metabolic alkalosis and acidosis, edema, diabetes, mitochondria dysfunction and a significant reduction in K+ , antioxidant activities and the relative body weight gain causing cases such as hypokalemia, thereby leading to structural and functional disruption of the kidney tissues of female rats while enhancing kidney injury, potentially through oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptotic mechanisms. However, coadministration of Omega 3 fatty acids with codeine demonstrated a protective effect against codeine-induced renal dysfunctions by upregulating antioxidant activities and reducing inflammation and apoptosis mechanisms. Conclusions: Thus, this present study demonstrates the effect of omega-3 fatty acids on codeine- induced renal damage in female wistar rats. Keywords: Renal injury, Codeine, Omega-3 fatty acid, Oxidative stress, Apoptosis
Cynic Hypotheses on Yoruba Native Culture, Civil Consciousness, and Youth Counter-Culture in the SDG Context
(2025) Adebayo Abidemi Olufemi
Abstract The paper contextualizes the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) within the cultural and social systems of the indigenous Yoruba people of Southwest Nigeria, comprising dominantly six Nigerian states. This interlink is to establish the compatibility of the binary of the SDG initiatives and the mores of the Yoruba people. The implementation of the SDG recommendation is a global development strategy in contemporary times. However, the implementation of the recommendations of the SDGs has encountered hurdles in different parts of the world, including Nigeria. The cultural beliefs and social practices of the Yoruba tend to negate the sustainable implementation of the SDG agenda in the region by 2030. The paper is qualitative in nature. The indicators of Yoruba native culture, civil-social practices and youth counter-culture attributes are interpreted using the SDG principles to assess compatibility. The paper notes that Yoruba native wisdom ruptures the principle of sustainable economic productivity and the endowment of the younger generation. Also, the youth counter-culture known as The Marlian Movement in Southwest Nigeria is endemic in disregard for education and industry, with the signature behaviour of drug addiction. Yet, all these cultural, civil, and social indices violate the essence of SDG goals, especially Goal 3 and Goal 4. They are not compatible with the SDG functional implementation in this region of Nigeria, and this explains why the global initiative is not palpably felt as having been implemented in Nigeria at the moment. Such a situation calls for attention owing to the fact that the terminal year of the development initiatives draws near. The actualization of the SDG expectations, however, requires a change in the civil attitude of the Yoruba. Keywords: African culture, SDG, Youth culture, Younger generation, Yoruba native wisdom
Towards the Enhancement of Literacy Acquisition in Literature Classroom Discourse in Nigerian Universities.pdf
(The Indian Review of World Literature in English, A Bi-Annua Online Literary Journal, 2010) Olutoyin Bimpe Jegede