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Pattern and Outcome of Preterm Neonates Admitted in a Tertiary Health Institution in Nigeria
(East African Scholars Journal of Medical Sciences, 2025) Adebami Bosede Olubunmi
Background: Prematurity is a common but understudied cause of neonatal admissions and mortality in Nigeria. This study aimed to determine the pattern and outcome of premature neonatal admission in a southwestern institution in Nigeria. Methods: The study was a retrospective study conducted among twenty-eight preterm neonates admitted to the special care baby unit between December 2024 and July 2025. Sociodemographic data of mothers and clinical details of neonates were extracted from their case notes. Data obtained were analyzed using SPSS v25. Results: The 28 premature neonates that were studied aged between 1 hour and 23 days at admission. Five (17.9%) had estimated gestational age less than 28 weeks, 12 (42.8%) between 28 - 31 weeks and 11 (38.3%) between 32 - 36 weeks. Eighteen (64.3%) were delivered per vagina and 10 (35.7%) by caesarian section. Birth weights ranged between 0.82 – 3.00kg. Ten (35.7%) preterm deaths and 2 (7.1%) maternal deaths were recorded among the 28 neonates. Preterm deaths were more significantly associated with maternal mortality. (P = 0.04). Conclusion: Prematurity is a significant cause of admission and death in the neonatal age group. Strategies and interventions to prevent preterm deliveries and death need to be engaged urgently in both the management of premature babies and their mothers.
On Some Measures of Weak Associativity in Hypercompositional Structure and Implications in Chain Reactions
(MATCH Communications in Mathematical and in Computer Chemistry, 2026) Ilori, Kehinde
This study is based on the analysis of non-associativity in the hypercompositional algebraic structure of chain reaction and to discover the ‘algebraic-behavior’ of the elements using the probability of some non-associative properties. It was discovered that the hypercompositional algebraic structure that is represented in the chain reaction is non-associative. In addition, the ‘algebraic-behavior’ of each element based on the non-associative properties was analyzed, and elements with high, higher and highest probabilities were identified in the chain reaction. Some of the elements were found to be right nuclear, flexible, left alternative and right alternative. It was shown that the chain reaction structure has equal likelihood of being left nuclear or middle nuclear or right nuclear. Also, chain reaction structure was established to have equal likelihood of being flexible or left alternative. It was discovered that the chain reaction structure is more likely to be flexible or left alternative than being left nuclear or middle nuclear or right nuclear or right alternative. It was also discovered that the chain reaction structure is more likely to be right alternative than being left nuclear or middle nuclear or right nuclear. The differences in probabilities form the increasing sequence 0.0 < 0.008 < 0.08 < 0.088.
PREDICTION OF FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY DURING SIX - MINUTE WALK AMONG PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE
(Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice, 2010) Adedoyin Rufus Adesoji
Background: Aims: Methods: Results: Conclusion: Key Words Formulae for predicting functional capacity during 6-minue walk are lacking and the accuracy of the existing formulae has been challenged in deferent populations. The purpose of this study was to develop an equation that would be useful in predicting functional capacity in form of maximum oxygen consumption) (V0 ) in Chronic Heart Failure Patients (CHF) during exercise. Sixty-five subjects were recruited for the study. The procedure required the subjects to walk on a self paced speed on a 20 meter marked level ground for 6 minutes. The distance covered in 6 minutes was measured and the speed calculated. The result showed that the distance covered was highly correlated with the VO2 (0.65, p< 0.01). The regression analysis revealed that a linear equation model developed was a good predictor of V0 for the group. The study concluded that in situation where sophisticated equipments are lacking, this equation might be useful during exercise supervision for patients with CHF. [VO2 (ml kg-1 min-1) = 0.0105 x distance (m) + 0.0238 age (yr) - 0.03085 weight (kg) + 5.598]
Knowledge and use of Transcutaneous Electrical Stimulation (TENS) among Nigerian physical therapists
(Technology and Health Care, 2012) Adedoyin Rufus Adesoji
Aims and objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and the use of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) by Nigerian physical therapists. Methods: A cross sectional study design was carried out among Nigerian physical therapists. Eighty-six physical therapists participated in this study and data were collected using a structured and validated questionnaire. Copies of the questionnaires were distributed by hand and by mail (with self addressed envelopes) to various hospitals, clinics, universities that offer physical therapy services/programmes across Nigeria. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: Academic staff constituted 10.5% while 89.5% were clinicians. First degree holders constituted 61.6% while 38.4% had postgraduate degrees. Majority of physical therapists, 90.7% use TENS, 83% of those who use TENS are aware of the different types of TENS; 98.72% use TENS for 30 minutes or less, 48.7% use it for 15 minutes or less. The frequency commonly use is between 1–30 Hz and about 12.8% of those using this frequency believed that TENS relieves pain through the pre-synaptic inhibition, endogenous pain control, and direct inhibition of abnormally excited nerve and restoration of afferent input. Furthermore, 12.8% calibrated their TENS devices. Only 6.4% have published TENS related papers in the last five years while 29.5% have attended TENS related seminar in the past. Majority, 88.5% considered TENS to be cost effective. Conclusion: This study concluded that TENS is widely used among Nigerian physical therapists and tend to have adequate knowledge of TENS and its application in the management of pain.
Gait and balance performance of stroke survivors in South-Western Nigeria - A cross-sectional study
(Pan Afr Med J., 2014) Adedoyin Rufus Adesoji
Stroke survivors are often left with neurological and functional deficits, which impair their ability to walk and affect their balance. This study assessed gait parameters and balance performance among stroke survivors and examined the relationship between these two factors. Methods: Seventy stroke survivors (65.7% males) who were 6 months or more post stroke participated in this study. Using Observational Gait Analysis, the gait of participants was assessed by gait speed and cadence. Balance performance was assessed using the Activities-specific Balance Confidence scale for balance self-efficacy and Functional Reach Test for standing balance. Results: Participants had a mean age of 53.5±10.4 years. Forty five (64.3%) stroke survivors had haemorrhagic stroke while 25 (35.7%) had ischaemic stroke. The mean gait speed and cadence were 0.6±0.3m/s and 69.1±38.1 steps/min, respectively. The mean balance self-efficacy score was 66.5±17.7 and mean functional reach distance was 18.7±2.6cm. There were significant relationships between gait speed and balance self-efficacy (r =0.461, p =0.001) and between cadence and functional reach distance (r =0.247, p =0.020). Conclusion: This study concluded that stroke survivors with higher cadences had higher functional reach distances, and those with higher gait speeds had better balance self-efficacy. Gait speed and cadence are factors related to balance performance. These factors should be considered during gait and balance retraining and should go pariparsu in the rehabilitation of stroke survivors.