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Omega-3 attenuates codeine-induced hepatic injury in female wistar rats via its antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects
(2026) Oke Deborah Adeola
Codeine is widely used for managing chronic and intermittent pain, particularly in females experiencing menstrual cramps; however, prolonged use has been associated with hepatic injury mediated by oxidative stress and apoptosis. Despite this growing concern, limited data exist on effective strategies to protect the liver against opioid-induced damage. This study investigated the protective role of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation against codeine-induced liver injury in female Wistar rats. Twenty female rats were divided into four groups (n = 5 each): vehicle control, omega-3-treated (400 mg/kg BW, p.o.), codeine-treated (10 mg/kg BW, p.o.), and codeine + omega-3 co-treated (10 mg/kg BW of codeine + 400 mg/kg BW of omega-3, p.o.) for eight weeks. Chronic codeine exposure significantly (p < 0.05) elevated hepatic injury biomarkers (AST, GGT, and LDH), oxidative stress indices (MDA and 8-OHdG), and inflammatory mediators (MPO and NO), accompanied by (p < 0.05) increased caspase-3 activity. In contrast, omega-3 supplementation markedly (p < 0.05)reduced these alterations, enhanced antioxidant defense, and preserved hepatic architecture. Moreover, omega-3 improved hepatic metabolic function, as indicated by decreased lactate levels and lactate/pyruvate ratios. These findings demonstrate that omega-3 fatty acid effectively attenuates chronic codeine-induced hepatic injury by mitigating oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, thereby preserving liver function and cellular integrity in female rats. The study is relevant as it highlights omega-3 fatty acid as a potential dietary intervention for reducing opioid-related hepatotoxicity and promoting safer long-term pain management.
Cross-border Women Shuttle Traders Operating within the Frameworks of AfCTA in West Africa
(AFRICANA STUDIA, N' 41, 2025, EDICÅO DO CENTRO DE ESTUDOS AFRICANOS DA UNIVERSIDADE DO PORTO, 2025) Nuraini Yusuf Abdulrahman
Lived Experience of Unskilled Migrant Workers in Lafarge Cement Plant, Ewekoro, Ogun State
(2025) Nuraini Yusuf Abdulrahman
THE EFFECTS OF PSYCHO-SOCIAL FACTORS ON CONSTRUCTION EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE
(2026) Aderonmu, Peter A.
Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the Influence of psychosocial factors like competence, emotional intelligence, and education on construction firms' employees, with a focus on improving their performance on the construction site. Design/Methodology/Approach: This study adopted a quantitative descriptive survey research design. A random sampling method was used to select 20 medium-sized construction companies and 100 respondents. 100 questionnaires were administered. Analysis of Variance tool [ANOVA]. The relative agreement index technique was used to analyse the data. Findings: The findings provide a comprehensive, empirically grounded understanding of the multidimensional nature of employee performance in the construction industry, highlighting the interplay among psychosocial, organisational, environmental, and socioeconomic factors in determining on-site performance. Research Limitation: The study focused exclusively on medium-sized construction companies, thereby excluding small- and large-scale construction firms. This restriction limits the comprehensiveness of the findings, as the organisational structures, resource capacities, workforce compositions, and operational practices of small and large construction firms may differ considerably from those of medium-sized companies. Practical Implication: It provides guidelines for project managers and professionals on understanding the following as a key requirement to improve on-site output: Wages should be paid on time, allowing construction workers to participate in professional conferences, which also greatly helps improve competence. Social Implications: The deployment of financial and non-financial incentives can induce higher performance by meeting workers' social needs. Originality and Value: The findings of this study firmly establish that emotional intelligence is not a peripheral or incidental factor in construction employee performance but rather a foundational psychosocial competency that underpins goal achievement, teamwork, and professional resilience on construction sites.
Health Tourism in Nigeria: Opportunities, Challenges, and Prospects for National Development
(Nigerian Journal of Social Health, 2026-03) Kehinde Tola
Health tourism has emerged as a major facet of international healthcare mobility where people have been crossing national borders to seek quality, affordable and specialised healthcare services. The continued growth in outbound medical travel in Nigeria is a manifestation of structural flaws in the local health system, such as infrastructural deterioration, lack of specialised staff, systemic service failures and erosion of citizen confidence. This paper explores the potential and problems and national development opportunities of health tourism in Nigeria. Methodologically, the qualitative research design was adopted and secondary data, in the form of journal articles, books, reports and conference papers, was used to analyse the data so as to determine trends in health mobility in Nigeria. Two important findings are critical. One, outbound medical travel has made Nigeria experience a huge financial leakage to its economy, which exacerbates structural vulnerabilities in the health sector and redirect resources which could be utilized to enhance tertiary health care facilities. Second, notwithstanding these limiting factors, the swift growth of the privatized specialist hospitals, diagnostic centres and wellness establishments testifies to the fact that Nigeria has the structural ability to build a competitive health tourism market which can attract both domestic and regional patients. The paper contends that under consistent policy changes, better regulation, collaboration among the parties, and reinvestment in infrastructure and quality control, health tourism will enhance economic diversification, capital flight, and make Nigeria a new medical centre in West and Central Africa. The paper concludes that the use of health tourism in the national development process would necessitate a long-term commitment, institutional alignment and strategies that would restore the confidence of the population in the local health sector.