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The Moderating Effects of Social Support and Gender on the Relationship between Environmental Justice Perceptions, Environmental Engagement, and Well-Being among Residents of Ota
(2024-12) Ogunsemi, Joshua O.
Background: In urban areas where environmental challenges and socio-economic disparities are prevalent, such as Ota, Nigeria, the complex interplay between environmental justice perceptions, environmental engagement, and well-being presents significant challenges. These issues are exacerbated by inadequate social support systems and gender disparities, making it challenging to address environmental injustices effectively and improve the overall well-being of residents. Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional survey design, involving a total of 324 participants, aged 18 - 65 years (mean age = 43; SD = 16.79) that were recruited using a stratified random sampling technique. Data were collected using the Scales of Psychological Well-Being (SPWB); Environmental Justice Perception Scale (EJPS); Olabisi Onabanjo University Attitude Toward Environmental Engagement Scale (OOUATEES); and the multidimensional scale of perceived social support (MSPSS), descriptive and Pearson correlation matrix, and analysed using hierarchical regression models. Results: The findings indicated that better perceptions of environmental justice are associated with higher levels of general well-being [β = 0.25, t = 4.66, p < 0.00]. Engagement in pro-environmental behaviours was also positively linked to improved well-being [β = 0.16, t = 2.99, p < 0.00]. Environmental engagement significantly moderated the relationship between environmental justice perceptions and general well-being, amplifying the positive effects (β = 0.25, t = 4.66, p < 0.01). However, social support and gender did not significantly moderate these relationships, suggesting that the primary influences of environmental justice (β = 0.26, t = 4.83, p < 0.01) and environmental engagement (β = 0.19, t = 3.82, p < 0.01) are robust enough to overshadow the moderating roles of these variables. Conclusion: The study highlights the critical role of environmental justice perceptions and pro-environmental engagement in enhancing general well-being among residents of Ota. While social support and gender are important factors in well-being, their moderating effects may be less pronounced in environments with strong predictors like environmental justice and engagement. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions that promote environmental fairness and active engagement in environmental activities to improve overall well-being.
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Perceived Vulnerability to COVID-19 Infection and Psychosocial Well-Being of Nigerian Residents
(International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science (IJIRMS), 2020) Ogunsemi, Joshua O.
The outbreak of the novel (SARS-CoV-2), known as COVID-19, has sparked global severe physical and mental health concerns in many spheres. Part of the identified mental health factors affecting people's psychosocial well-being is an increased level of health worries due to the perception of vulnerability, which has been raised by excessive exposure to news, information on rising cases, mortality, and many others. This study focuses on the predictive influence of perceived vulnerability to COVID-19 infection among Nigerian residents during the COVID-19 outbreak. A total of 355 Nigerians, 175 (49.3%) males, 180 (50.7%) females aged between 18 years and 42 years (M = 27.24, SD =7.05) participated in the study through an online snowball method. Data was collected using the Perceived Vulnerability to Disease Questionnaire (PVDQ) and Mental Health Continuum Scale- Short Form (MHC-SF). Analysis of results reveals a high prevalence of low psychosocial well being. That perceived vulnerability to COVID-19 infection significantly predicts psychosocial wellbeing (F (1,353) = 71.8, adj. R2 =.165, p <.01) among respondents. No significant sex influence was observed on psychosocial well-being; educational qualifications and marital status were found to significantly influence the psychosocial well-being of Nigerians during the COVID-19 Pandemic. The authors conclude that perceived vulnerability to COVID-19 infection predicts the psychosocial well-being of Nigerian residents during the COVID-19 Pandemic outbreak.
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Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS): Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Psychometrics Properties Among Sample of Nigerian Middle-Aged Workers
(Corpus Intellectual, 2024) Ogunsemi, Joshua O.
Measuring the cognitive aspect of well-being is significant in today’s world due to its link with mental health. The current study examined the factorial structure, psychometric properties and concurrent validity of the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) within the Nigeria socio-cultural setting. At the initial phase of the study, 109 participants working in a government-owned University in Oyo State, Nigeria, completed the five-item SWLS and their information was analysed utilising confirmatory factor analysis. One hundred and ten participants from a privately-owned university in Osun State, Nigeria, were used to validate the instrument with a similar measure concurrently: the six-item Riverside Life Satisfaction Scale (RLSS) at the second phase. The SWLS possess a satisfactory reliability (Omega (ωt) = .84). The model fit indicators observed after exposing the SWLS to confirmatory factory analysis revealed moderately suitable fitness and acceptable item loading for a single factor scale. A statistically significant Pearson’s (r) of = 0.79, p<.01 was observed between SWLS and RLSS. The SWLS possess acceptable psychometric properties. It is valuable for investigating life satisfaction within Nigeria's sociocultural contexts.
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Sociodemographic Factors and Life Satisfaction as Predictors of Retirement Anxiety among Staff in Nigerian Universities
(North American Journal of Psychologyh, 2023) Ogunsemi, Joshua O.
Retirement anxiety is a major phenomenon among employees who have negative expectations about their future retirement; however, information on the impact of psychosocial factors on retirement anxiety is scarce. This study investigated the effect of demographic characteristics and life satisfaction on three factors of retirement anxiety among Nigerian university employees. Retirement anxiety was conceptualised in three dimensions, namely, personal obligation, financial planning, and social detachment concerns. Using a cross-sectional survey method, 306 non teaching staff were purposively selected from four universities in South west Nigeria. Participants completed the Redeemer’s University Retirement Anxiety Scale (RURAS), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SwLS) and a socio-demographic information form. Data were analysed using hierarchical multiple regression. High retirement anxiety in all the domains was observed among males, junior staff, older workers, those with fewer educational qualifications, and those with a large family size. A higher number of years on the job predicted personal obligation concerns, but did not predict financial planning and social detachment concerns. Job status predicted social detachment and financial planning concerns, but did not predict personal obligation. Lower life satisfaction was significantly associated with higher retirement anxiety across the three domains. Results showed that particular demographic and occupational attributes, and poor satisfaction with life, contributed to retirement anxiety. Psychological interventions and revision of retirement benefits laws are recommended to address retirement anxiety.
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Psychometric Properties and Validation of Mini International Personality Item Pool (Mini-IPIP) among Nigerian Population
(Advances in Research, 2022) Ogunsemi, Joshua O.
Aims: There is a dearth of information on the psychometric properties of measures of personality in the Nigerian population. This study investigates the internal consistencies and validity scores on the Mini International Personality Item Pool (mini-IPIP) on Nigerian respondents. Study Design: A cross-sectional survey design was used to validate the scale. Place of Study: University of Ibadan, Oyo State, South-western Nigeria. Between January and April 2022. Methodology: A multistage sampling technique was used to select two hundred and nineteen (219) individuals, made up of 113 (51.6%) males and 106 (48.4%) females, between the ages of 35 and 61 years, with a Mean age = 46.49 ± SD = 6.23. The participants included administrative, technical and junior staff working in the University of Ibadan, Oyo State, and Southwestern Nigeria. Participants responded to the Big Five Inventory (BFI-10) and Mini-IPIP. The internal consistencies for the Mini-IPIP was calculated and obtained using Cronbach’s (α) reliability coefficient. Also, the concurrent validity coefficient was obtained using Pearson's Correlation Analysis; Min-IPIP was correlated with BFI-10 to ascertain the concurrent validity. The items total correlations were also obtained to test the relationship between each item and the composite/total item score. Results: A modest but acceptable internal consistency of Extraversion, α =.80; Agreeableness, α =.79, Conscientiousness, α =.84; Neuroticism, α = .83; and Openness to Experience α =.88 for the factors of mini-IPIP was revealed. Positive concurrent validity coefficient was equally observed between the subsections of Mini-IPIP and the BFI-10 (r = .34, .12, .18, .20, .11 for extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to experience subscales respectively). Conclusion: These findings provide evidence for the use of Mini-IPIP scale as screening tool for the assessment of human personality in Nigeria based on the five-factor model.